For individuals with type 2 diabetes, moderate consumption of unsweetened black coffee can be part of a healthy diet. Type 2 diabetes is a condition where the body becomes less sensitive to insulin or does not produce enough insulin, leading to persistently high blood sugar. Effective blood sugar control relies on medication, diet, sleep, exercise, and stress management.

Unsweetened, pure black coffee, when consumed in moderation, is generally suitable for people with diabetes. Coffee contains antioxidants such as polyphenols and chlorogenic acid, which can improve glucose metabolism, support insulin sensitivity, and lower the risk of cardiovascular complications. For those accustomed to daily coffee, a small amount can help maintain alertness, enhance concentration, and support physical activity.

However, coffee contains caffeine, which can cause a temporary, slight increase in blood sugar, especially when consumed on an empty stomach or in excessive amounts throughout the day. Caffeine stimulates the release of adrenaline, a hormone known to raise blood sugar. Diabetics with co-existing conditions like hypertension or arrhythmias should exercise caution, as coffee may lead to a rapid heart rate, insomnia, or transient high blood pressure. It is crucial to avoid ready-made coffee drinks that are high in sugar, condensed milk, syrups, or cream, as these can cause rapid blood sugar spikes and contribute to weight gain.

Diabetics can drink pure black, unsweetened coffee. AI-generated image.

Prioritize unsweetened black coffee, limiting intake to one small cup (80-120 ml) daily. If the bitter taste is unfamiliar, you may add a touch of unsweetened fresh milk or unsweetened plant-based milk. To prevent insomnia, which can make blood sugar harder to control, avoid drinking coffee after 3 PM. Additionally, it is advisable to consume coffee after a light breakfast rather than on an empty stomach to minimize blood sugar fluctuations.

Beyond adjusting coffee habits, diabetics need to maintain a healthy diet. This includes slow-absorbing carbohydrates like brown rice, oats, and sweet potatoes, along with increased consumption of green vegetables, lean protein, and low-sugar fruits. Engaging in physical activity for at least 150 minutes per week, ensuring adequate sleep, and reducing stress are vital steps to improve insulin sensitivity and achieve better blood sugar stability.

Regular follow-ups with a general internal medicine and nutrition specialist are recommended to monitor HbA1c levels, assess overall health, and adjust dietary plans as needed. Natural extracts like GDL-5, derived from South American sugarcane pollen and containing natural policosanol, can complement dietary efforts to help regulate blood lipids and support the control of diabetes-related cardiovascular complications.

Master of Science, Doctor Nguyen Anh Duy Tung

Department of Clinical Nutrition

Tam Anh District 7 Clinic