Answer:

Many women feel anxious after receiving a positive HPV diagnosis, fearing it automatically leads to cervical cancer. However, not all HPV infections result in cervical cancer. Currently, nearly 200 HPV strains exist. HPV 16 and 18 are linked to cervical cancer, with HPV 16 accounting for 60-70% and HPV 18 for 15-20% of cases.

Researchers have also identified HPV 45 as a cancer-related strain. Other strains, like type 12, also carry a high risk. A woman can be infected with one or two high-risk strains, sometimes in combination with types 16 and 18.

The time from HPV infection to cancerous cell changes varies depending on the individual, the HPV strain, and the body's immune response. There's no fixed timeframe; it could take 3, 5, or even 7-10 years.

Dr. Nguyen Ba My Nhi (center) performing surgery on a patient with cervical cancer caused by HPV. Photo: Huyen Vu

Dr. Nguyen Ba My Nhi (center) performing surgery on a patient with cervical cancer caused by HPV. Photo: Huyen Vu

Following an HPV diagnosis, a cervical exam is crucial to check for inflammation or abnormalities. At Tam Anh General Hospital in TP HCM, about 30-32% of women with HPV who underwent cervical exams showed precancerous lesions (CIN 1, CIN 2, CIN 3). Many women also experience genital warts caused by the virus. CIN 1 can be monitored, while CIN 2 and CIN 3 often require a cone biopsy. Doctors use the biopsy results to determine the prognosis and appropriate treatment plan.

Women diagnosed with HPV shouldn't panic. Instead, they should consult a doctor for monitoring and appropriate treatment. Essential tests like Pap smears or HPV DNA tests can detect abnormal cell changes early. HPV vaccination, a healthy lifestyle, and safe sexual practices are also crucial.

Dr. Nguyen Ba My Nhi

Director of the Obstetrics and Gynecology Center

Tam Anh General Hospital