Dr. Ha Ngoc Dai, from the Obstetrics and Gynecology Center at Tam Anh General Hospital in Hanoi, advises against scheduling births based on non-medical factors. He emphasizes that the brain, lungs, liver, and immune system of a fetus continue to develop rapidly in the final weeks of pregnancy. Even being born 1 or 2 weeks early can deprive a baby of this crucial growth period.

"An auspicious birth date and time doesn't guarantee a smooth life, but a full-term birth provides a strong foundation for the baby's health," Dr. Dai explains. He also notes that vaginal delivery is the safest and most natural method for both mother and baby.

The World Health Organization (WHO) and the Vietnamese Ministry of Health recommend elective c-sections at 39 weeks or later, barring any obstetric complications. Earlier deliveries increase the risk of underdeveloped lungs and immune systems in newborns, posing health risks for both mother and child.

Risks for the Baby:

Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Between 37 and 38 weeks, fetal lungs are still producing surfactant, which prevents the air sacs from collapsing. A deficiency in surfactant can lead to breathing difficulties, requiring ventilation or oxygen support. Early elective c-sections increase the risk of serious respiratory problems, ICU admissions, and oxygen dependency, especially compared to vaginal births or c-sections after labor begins.

Hypothermia and Hypoglycemia: Premature babies have a thin layer of subcutaneous fat, making it difficult for them to regulate their body temperature. Their glycogen reserves in the liver are also insufficient, making them prone to hypoglycemia, which can cause seizures or brain damage.

Prolonged Jaundice: An underdeveloped liver struggles to process bilirubin, leading to jaundice. Severe cases can affect the nervous system.

Risk of Chronic Diseases: Babies born via early c-section have a higher risk of developing asthma, obesity, and type 2 diabetes later in life.

A doctor at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Center consults with an expectant mother. Illustrative photo: Tam Anh General Hospital.

Risks for the Mother:

Early c-sections also pose risks to the mother, including an increased risk of postpartum hemorrhage. If the uterus isn't ready for labor, its ability to contract after surgery is reduced, increasing the risk of bleeding.

Uterine Adhesions and Scarring: Early c-sections can lead to adhesions, scar tissue, and complications in subsequent pregnancies.

Surgical Site Infections: Each c-section increases the risk of placenta accreta, uterine rupture, and difficulties with future vaginal deliveries.

Complications in Subsequent Pregnancies: Because the body hasn't gone through labor, fluid retention and recovery time are increased, raising the risk of surgical site infections.

Psychological Impact: Some mothers may not be mentally prepared for childcare, increasing the risk of postpartum depression.

If both the mother and fetus are healthy, Dr. Dai recommends waiting until 39-40 weeks or the onset of labor. He advises against elective c-sections for personal reasons. Regular prenatal checkups can help identify any potential risks requiring intervention, and doctors can advise on the safest time for delivery. He encourages expectant mothers to listen to their bodies, follow medical guidance, and prioritize the health of both mother and baby.

Thanh Ba