Trang had previously undergone treatment for adenomyosis and in vitro fertilization (IVF) at another hospital, but two embryo transfers were unsuccessful. She then visited Tam Anh General Hospital - District 8, where Dr. Huynh Kha, from the Fertility Support Center, diagnosed her with endometriosis and suspected endometritis as the cause of the failed transfers.

"This is a case of infertility caused by two conditions," Dr. Kha explained, adding that endometriosis affects egg quality and quantity, while inflammation reduces the uterus's ability to accept embryos.

Trang underwent ovarian stimulation and IVF, retrieving 18 oocytes and 16 eggs. In vitro fertilization with her husband's sperm produced three day-5 embryos and three day-6 embryos. After embryo creation, Trang received injections to reduce the size of the endometriosis, along with antibiotics to treat the endometritis.

Two months later, doctors transferred the best quality embryo into Trang’s uterus, and she is now more than 12 weeks pregnant.

Dr. Kha examines and advises an infertile woman. Illustration photo: *Tam Anh General Hospital*

Chronic endometritis is prolonged inflammation of the endometrial lining of the uterus. The condition has two forms: acute and chronic. The chronic form is often asymptomatic, while some cases may have nonspecific symptoms easily mistaken for other conditions, such as prolonged menstruation, abnormal bleeding between periods, and unusual vaginal discharge.

The cause is bacterial infection of the uterine cavity. This can occur after procedures like abortion, IUD insertion, or hysteroscopy, or due to pelvic inflammatory disease. If not diagnosed and treated promptly, it can lead to recurrent miscarriages, repeated implantation failure, or unexplained infertility.

Women experiencing these conditions should consult a gynecologist or fertility specialist for screening and timely treatment to avoid potential infertility.

Dinh Lam

*The patient's name has been changed.