Recently, my wife's nails have shown similar symptoms. Is nail fungus contagious? (Thanh Khang, 27, Binh Duong)

Answer:

Nail fungus is a common infection that causes nails to discolor, thicken, and become distorted. It can be caused by various fungi, such as dermatophytes and yeast. The infection can spread from one nail to another, from fingernails to toenails, or vice versa if not properly managed.

Nail fungus can also easily spread from person to person through shared personal items like towels, shoes, bath mats, or unsterilized nail tools. Healthy individuals can contract the fungus through direct contact with an infected person, by touching contaminated surfaces, or following nail injuries.

A doctor uses 4D laser treatment for a patient with nail fungus. Photo illustration: Tam Anh General Hospital

If you experience symptoms of nail fungus, such as nails turning yellow, opaque white, or brownish-gray, thickening, becoming brittle and easily broken, separating from the nail bed, possibly accompanied by inflammation around the nail, pain, or itching, you should visit a medical facility with a dermatology department for prompt examination and treatment. Nail fungus is treatable, but treatment takes time, and patients need to adhere to the prescribed regimen. The treatment course depends on the extent of nail damage, the type of fungus causing the infection, and the patient's overall health.

Patients with mild cases may use antifungal topical medications. If the fungus has spread significantly or doesn't respond to topical treatment, the doctor may prescribe oral antifungal medication. In addition, advanced technologies like long-pulsed 1064 nm lasers can help eliminate the fungus and increase treatment effectiveness.

Fungus can persist in old shoes, increasing the risk of reinfection. After treatment, discard old shoes or thoroughly disinfect them before reuse. Follow the prescribed treatment course, use medications as directed, and attend all follow-up appointments to ensure effectiveness. Even after the fungus is gone, nails need time to regrow. Fingernails may take 4-6 months, while toenails can take 6-12 months to fully recover. Supplementing with biotin (vitamin B7) and a diet rich in vitamins and minerals can promote nail health and reduce the risk of reinfection.

MSc. MD. CKI Tran Nguyen Anh Thu

Department of Dermatology - Cosmetic Dermatology

Tam Anh General Hospital, TP HCM