Bronchiectasis is a condition where the airways in the lungs become widened and lose their elasticity, leading to mucus buildup and recurrent respiratory infections. It can become chronic and affect respiratory function. Here are 5 important tips for preventing or managing the condition.

Get vaccinated

Vaccines play a crucial role in preventing bronchiectasis, especially in children. Dr. Phan Thi Anh Thu, from the Respiratory Department of Tam Anh General Hospital in Hanoi, says measles and whooping cough vaccinations help reduce long-term respiratory complications, including bronchiectasis. Seasonal flu, pneumococcal pneumonia, and Covid-19 vaccines can also prevent respiratory infections.

Avoid smoke and harmful gases

Cigarette smoke contains chemicals, including many that cause cancer and damage lung tissue. Dust, chemical fumes, and toxic gases from polluted environments also weaken the airways, making pneumonia more likely to recur and eventually leading to bronchiectasis. Dr. Thu advises people working in dusty or toxic environments to wear standard masks or specialized filter masks to protect their respiratory system.

Exercise helps boost the immune system and prevent disease. Image generated by AI

Exercise helps boost the immune system and prevent disease. Image generated by AI

Thoroughly treat lung infections

Untreated lung infections in children can lead to scarring and damage to the bronchial structure, causing bronchiectasis later in life. Therefore, children should be taken to the doctor as soon as they show signs of high fever, persistent cough, or difficulty breathing. Doctors may prescribe antibiotics or other appropriate treatments to control inflammation and preserve lung function. Adults with a history of tuberculosis, severe pneumonia, or chronic respiratory diseases should also adhere to their treatment plans and have regular checkups to avoid complications.

Be aware of airway foreign bodies

According to Dr. Thu, one often overlooked cause of bronchiectasis is inhaling foreign objects. Children may swallow or inhale small toy parts, seeds, or pieces of food that can get lodged in their airways. If not removed promptly, these foreign objects can cause blockage, prolonged inflammation, and potentially damage the lung structure.

Maintain a healthy lifestyle

Keeping the respiratory system healthy is also an important measure to prevent bronchiectasis. Wash your hands frequently, cover your mouth when coughing, and keep your body warm in cold weather. Ensure a well-ventilated and dust-free living space, limiting mold growth. Regularly cleaning air purifiers, air conditioners, and vacuuming are simple yet effective ways to maintain a healthy environment. A balanced diet and regular exercise, especially breathing exercises, swimming, and yoga, help increase lung capacity and boost the immune system.

Thu Giang