Cold air prompts the body to make specific adjustments to maintain its temperature. These adjustments cause blood vessels to constrict or narrow. When blood vessels constrict, blood pressure increases, forcing the heart to work harder to pump blood through them.

In individuals with normal cardiovascular health, this vasoconstriction rarely causes issues. However, for those with coronary artery disease, cold temperatures can lead to arterial blockages, resulting in myocardial ischemia (when the heart does not receive enough oxygen), which can manifest as angina and shortness of breath. A sudden drop in temperature also exacerbates symptoms of heart failure, such as shortness of breath during exertion, rapid heartbeat, and fatigue.

The following approaches can help maintain stable cardiovascular health in cold weather:

Limit cold exposure: If you go outside, dress warmly in multiple layers, cover your head and hands, and wear warm socks and shoes. Ensure your bathroom is sealed against drafts, use warm water, and use a heater while bathing or a fan heater after bathing to avoid getting cold.

Keeping the body warm helps protect the heart. Photo: Ngoc Thanh

Avoid strenuous activity: Engaging in strenuous work or running in cold weather puts pressure on the heart, potentially leading to angina, heart attacks, heart failure, and even sudden death. Do not exercise outdoors in the cold for too long. Opt for an indoor gym for physical training instead of outdoor workouts during the cold season. Listen to your body and stop when necessary to protect your heart health.

Do not let your body overheat: Dressing warmly is essential, but wearing too many layers for the temperature can lead to overheating and sweating. This imbalance in temperature causes blood vessels to suddenly dilate or expand, which can result in hypotension. If you are outside in the cold and notice excessive sweating or feel too warm, stop, take your blood pressure, and assess your current condition.

Get a flu shot: Low humidity due to cold weather can increase the risk of contracting the flu. Changing temperatures also create favorable conditions for viruses to thrive, making it easier to fall ill. Getting a flu shot helps reduce the severity of symptoms if you get sick, protecting your heart health.

Avoid alcohol: Do not consume alcohol before going outside. Alcohol dilates blood vessels under the skin, making you feel warmer while simultaneously reducing the temperature of vital organs.

Anh Chi (According to Very Well Health)