Thao, 30, struggled for 10 years with systemic lupus erythematosus, a chronic autoimmune disease. Her condition caused widespread skin lesions, joint pain, and anxiety, making daily activities like opening a bottle or gripping objects difficult. Despite these challenges, Thao is now effectively managing her lupus, preventing flares and improving her quality of life, thanks to a new treatment regimen involving biologic drugs.

Initially, Thao's treatment involved corticosteroids combined with immunosuppressants to control autoimmune reactions and reduce inflammation. While her skin lesions and joint pain improved significantly, the disease frequently recurred whenever the medication dosage was reduced.

After a comprehensive reassessment, doctors prescribed biologic drugs for Thao. This treatment plan consists of approximately 13 infusions, administered once a month. The goal is to better control immune system activity, reduce the risk of flares, and limit future damage to other organs. Doctor of First Degree Specialist Tran Thi Thanh Tuyen, from the Clinical Immunology Department at Tam Anh General Hospital Ho Chi Minh City, noted that Thao's disease was highly active but had not yet caused complications to her kidneys or nervous system.

Thao receives her first biologic drug infusion to control lupus. *Photo: Tam Anh General Hospital*

Unlike traditional immunosuppressants that act broadly, biologic drugs target specific molecules involved in the disease mechanism. This targeted approach makes them more effective for some lupus patients who respond poorly to standard treatment or experience frequent relapses. Following her first infusion, Thao's skin lesions and joint pain began to improve. By the 4th infusion, her flares were under control, and her skin lesions had fully healed. Thao has since returned to work, resumed normal activities, and can move freely.

Thao's lesions healed, leaving only hyperpigmented marks after four rounds of biologic drug infusions. *Photo: Tam Anh General Hospital*

Doctor Tuyen clarified that not all lupus patients require biologic drugs. The decision depends on the disease's activity level, the patient's response to previous treatments, the risk of organ damage, and overall health. Patients receiving biologics need close monitoring to assess treatment effectiveness and detect any adverse effects early.

Lupus is a chronic condition requiring long-term monitoring. Even when symptoms subside, patients must adhere to their treatment plan and attend regular follow-up appointments to minimize the risk of recurrence. Self-discontinuation of medication, changing dosages, or only treating symptoms when they appear can lead to disease flares and increase the risk of serious complications.

Individuals experiencing persistent skin lesions, unexplained fever, joint pain or swelling, chronic fatigue, recurrent mouth ulcers, or unusual hair loss should seek medical attention. Early detection and appropriate treatment not only control the disease more effectively but also reduce flares and preserve organ function long-term.

Minh Huong

*The patient's name has been changed.