Colitis, an inflammation of the colon's lining (large intestine), can be localized or widespread. It causes symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, bloating, and loose stools that may contain bloody mucus. The condition can manifest as acute (occurring for a short duration, often due to infection) or chronic (prolonged and recurrent).
The curability of colitis largely depends on its type and underlying cause. Acute colitis, typically resulting from infections, often responds well to appropriate treatment and can be fully cured. Chronic forms, however, which are primarily linked to immune disorders, require long-term management rather than a complete cure.
Diverse factors can cause colitis, including infections from bacteria like E. coli, Shigella, or Salmonella; parasites such as Entamoeba histolytica or Strongyloides; viruses; immune disorders; and medication side effects. A doctor will select a specific treatment protocol based on the identified cause.
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Doctor Oanh examines a patient's abdomen. Illustration: Tam Anh General Hospital. |
Acute colitis due to infection manifests suddenly. If treated correctly, patients can fully recover. Chronic colitis, encompassing conditions like ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, primarily results from immune disorders and necessitates a prolonged treatment process.
Treating colitis may involve medication, lifestyle changes, and surgical intervention if necessary. For acute infectious cases, doctors may prescribe antibiotics. Patients experiencing significant diarrhea or vomiting need rehydration and electrolyte replacement. They should consume soft, easily digestible foods and avoid dairy and stimulants. For colitis caused by a microbial imbalance, probiotic supplements are recommended to restore gut flora balance.
The objective of chronic colitis treatment is to control inflammation, maintain stability, and prevent recurrence. Medications used may include anti-inflammatory drugs, immunosuppressants, or biologics. Additionally, patients must adjust their diet and daily routines, and manage stress effectively.
Treatment duration varies based on the cause and severity of the damage. Most individuals with acute infectious colitis, when treated correctly, can recover within 2-4 weeks, with the intestinal lining returning to normal and a complete cure possible. Chronic colitis typically requires longer treatment, often extending for 6-12 weeks.
It is advisable for your mother to seek early medical examination for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment to prevent complications.
Master, Doctor Nguyen Hoang Oanh
Department of Gastroenterology - Hepatology - Pancreatology
Tam Anh General Clinic, District 7
