Brain vascular malformations, hypothalamic hamartoma, or focal cortical dysplasia can affect brain structure, leading to epilepsy.

I have been advised to use an intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring system for brain tumor surgery. What is this method, and is it safe? (Duc Tuyen, 56)

Transient hand numbness, lasting only a few minutes, can indicate temporary brain ischemia and serve as an early warning sign of a stroke.