Dry skin is a common condition affecting people of all ages. While it may be an occasional issue for some, it can also be a chronic condition requiring careful management.

Age is a primary factor contributing to dry skin. As individuals age, their skin tends to dry out due to reduced moisture production from oil and sweat glands. These changes often become noticeable in their 40s, when sebum production starts to decrease. A continued decline in natural water production can lead to severely dry skin.

Other factors contributing to dry skin include dry or cold weather, frequent hot showers, specific medications, smoking, and deficiencies in vitamins or minerals. Skin conditions like eczema and psoriasis are consistently associated with dry skin. Additionally, medical conditions such as HIV, cancer, and kidney disease can manifest this symptom.

Dry skin can result in flaking, itching, cracking, and even bleeding, disrupting daily activities. The American Academy of Dermatology (AAD) offers the following tips to mitigate excessive dryness:

Keep showers short, between 5 and 10 minutes, and use warm water. Brief warm showers or baths can help enhance skin moisture. Close the bathroom door while showering to maximize hydration. After bathing, gently pat your skin dry with a clean towel; avoid rubbing, as dry skin is prone to irritation.

Opt for mild products. Dry skin is often compromised skin. Apply just enough facial cleanser or body wash to remove dirt and oil, but avoid over-applying to prevent excessive lather. Limit product use to essential areas like the armpits and groin.

Individuals with dry skin should only use mild facial cleansers and avoid harsh rubbing. Ngoc Pham

Individuals with dry skin should only use mild facial cleansers and avoid harsh rubbing. Ngoc Pham

Shave after showering. Water helps soften both skin and hair, minimizing irritation during shaving. After bathing, gently pat your skin dry and promptly apply an unscented moisturizer.

Apply moisturizer multiple times daily. Moisturizers are vital for restoring dry skin. Apply them when your skin is still damp after bathing, after washing your hands, and whenever your skin feels dry. Take time to gently massage the moisturizer into your skin. Also, remember to apply lip balm or a moisturizing wax to your lips.

Protect your skin from the sun. Apply broad-spectrum, water-resistant sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or higher. Additionally, seek shade and wear sun-protective clothing. Avoid sun exposure both indoors and outdoors.

Use a humidifier. Dry skin thrives on moisture, and a humidifier can increase indoor humidity. Clean the device regularly to prevent mold growth.

Wear gloves. Hands are frequently the first area to show signs of dry skin. Activities like washing dishes, gardening, or any work requiring prolonged water immersion can exacerbate dry skin. Wearing gloves prevents dry skin from getting wet and protects it from cold, dry air, common in winter, aiding faster healing.

Choose loose-fitting cotton clothing. Tight garments such as leggings and jeans can rub against the skin, intensifying dry skin symptoms. Fabrics like wool or polyester can also irritate dry and sensitive skin. For those with dry skin, loose cotton clothing is recommended, or adding an inner layer of cotton or silk beneath rougher materials.

If dry skin persists despite trying these recommendations, it is advisable to consult a dermatologist. Severely dry skin could signal an underlying medical condition like atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, or kidney disease. A doctor can prescribe or suggest a moisturizer suitable for your skin's specific needs. Patients might also require short-term medication, such as corticosteroids. If the dryness stems from a medical condition, treating that condition can effectively reduce symptoms.

Adhere to the prescribed treatment plan and attend regular follow-up appointments with your dermatologist. The treatment regimen may be adjusted as your skin recovers.

By Anh Ngoc (Via Verywell Health)