Hoan was diagnosed with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), a malignant bone marrow disorder, two years ago. This condition required regular blood transfusions at a local hospital. Her health recently worsened, prompting her admission to Tam Anh General Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City.

Dr. Phan Tuan Trong, from the Emergency Department, noted that Hoan's symptoms included impaired circulation and respiration, not just neurological issues. This indicated compromised oxygen transport to her organs.

Blood tests revealed a critically low hemoglobin level of 2,2 g/dL. Hemoglobin, within red blood cells, transports oxygen from the lungs to organs. A significant drop in this level meant insufficient oxygen reached the brain, heart, and tissues, causing confusion, difficulty breathing, hypotension, and altered consciousness.

Hoan's skin was pale upon admission. *Photo: Tam Anh General Hospital*

According to Dr. Trong, MDS causes the bone marrow to produce ineffective blood cells, reducing red blood cells, white blood cells, or platelets. Prolonged anemia often necessitates regular red blood cell transfusions for patients.

After finding compatible blood, Hoan received three units of packed red blood cells, totaling about 1,1 liters. Following the transfusion, she gradually regained consciousness, able to speak and eat. Her skin and mucous membranes became pinker, and her shortness of breath significantly improved. By the third day, her health stabilized, allowing her discharge.

Dr. Trong advises the patient on follow-up appointments to manage the underlying condition. *Photo: Hospital provided*

Myelodysplastic syndrome is a prolonged condition, with anemia levels varying across disease stages. Doctors recommend regular hematological monitoring for patients, especially those dependent on blood transfusions.

Patients experiencing unusual fatigue, difficulty breathing, palpitations, dizziness, fainting, confusion, or pale skin and mucous membranes should seek medical attention promptly. Self-monitoring at home risks delaying timely intervention.

Nhu Ngoc

*Patient's name has been changed