Answer:

Hormonal acne is common in both men and women during puberty and can persist into their 20s and 30s. It occurs when increased sebum production combines with inflammation and clogged hair follicles, causing bumps on the face, shoulders, chest, and back. Hormonal acne can manifest in various forms, including blackheads, whiteheads, and cysts.

The primary cause of acne in men is fluctuations in androgen levels. This hormone plays a crucial role in developing and maintaining male characteristics, including sperm production. When androgen levels fluctuate, the sebaceous glands become overactive, producing excess oil that clogs pores. This excess oil, combined with bacteria, dead skin cells, and dirt, leads to inflammatory acne.

Prolonged stress increases cortisol levels, which can also lead to increased oil production. This excess oil is a significant trigger for acne breakouts. Consuming large amounts of dairy products and sugar increases IGF-1 (insulin-like growth factor 1), and hormonal components in dairy are also believed to contribute to acne development.

Men often neglect skincare and proper cleansing, making them more susceptible to acne caused by the accumulation of dirt, dead skin, and excess oil within hair follicles. Certain medical conditions like Cushing's syndrome, hypothyroidism, and diabetes can also disrupt hormonal balance and contribute to acne.

Eating fruits and vegetables and limiting fast food can help reduce acne. Photo: Bach Duong

Hormonal acne in men is characterized by soft, red bumps or larger red or white pustules filled with pus. These tend to be deeper than superficial whiteheads or blackheads. Hormonal acne typically appears on the lower half of the face, such as the cheeks, jawline, chin, and neck, due to the higher concentration of sebaceous glands in these areas.

Several strategies can help manage hormonal acne: topical medications, daily cleansing and skincare, limiting processed foods like fast food and canned goods, and drinking 1.5-2 liters of water per day. Consuming plenty of fruits and vegetables supports liver function and skin health, counteracting estrogenic processes. Getting enough sleep, avoiding late nights, and minimizing stress and fatigue are also beneficial.

If these measures don't improve the acne, you should consult a dermatologist for a proper diagnosis and treatment plan. Avoid squeezing pimples, as this can worsen inflammation and cause scarring. Minimize touching your face to prevent the transfer of bacteria that can lead to further breakouts.

MSc. MD Vo Dinh Bao Van

Endocrinology - Diabetes Unit

Tam Anh General Clinic, District 7