Answer:

Transvaginal ultrasound is a safe procedure that does not affect the fetus when performed correctly. This method uses high-frequency sound waves to create images, not X-rays or radiation, ensuring no harmful exposure to the developing fetus.

During the procedure, the ultrasound probe is gently inserted into the vagina about 5-8 cm. It does not enter deep into the uterine cavity and does not directly touch the fetus. Because the probe is placed closer to the uterus compared to an abdominal ultrasound, doctors can clearly visualize the gestational sac, fetal heartbeat, fetal position, and any early abnormalities.

A doctor performs an ultrasound on a woman. Photo: Tam Anh Cau Giay General Clinic.

In early pregnancy, transvaginal ultrasound is crucial for several diagnostic purposes. It accurately determines if the pregnancy is located within the uterus, measures gestational age, checks the fetal heart rate, and helps rule out the risk of ectopic pregnancy. This method also aids in the early diagnosis of conditions such as threatened miscarriage, vaginal bleeding, lower abdominal pain, or suspected ectopic pregnancy. Additionally, it helps measure cervical length in cases with a risk of preterm birth that require close monitoring.

While undergoing the procedure, you might experience slight pressure or discomfort, particularly if you are stressed. However, this sensation is typically mild and resolves quickly. To minimize discomfort, the doctor will use a condom to cover the probe, apply a lubricating gel, and perform the procedure gently. The examination usually lasts only a few minutes.

Not all pregnant women require multiple transvaginal ultrasounds. Doctors decide the necessity based on gestational age, clinical symptoms, and examination objectives. If the pregnancy progresses normally, you will only need regular prenatal ultrasounds, primarily abdominal ultrasounds once the fetus is larger.

You should seek immediate medical attention if you are in early pregnancy and experience severe lower abdominal pain, vaginal bleeding (even if slight), dizziness, fainting, or have a history of ectopic pregnancy. These situations may necessitate a transvaginal ultrasound for timely assessment and proper management by the doctor.

If your doctor prescribes it, you can feel confident in undergoing the procedure, as it is a common and widely used technique in obstetrics.

Dr. Vu Van Tai

First-degree specialist in obstetrics and gynecology

Tam Anh Cau Giay General Clinic