Incense burning is a traditional ritual for Vietnamese people during festivals and Tet holidays. However, inhaling too much incense smoke negatively impacts health, especially for those with respiratory illnesses, cardiovascular conditions, and cancer.

Dr. Le Ngoc Vinh, from the Department of Surgical Oncology at the Oncology Center, Tam Anh General Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, states that incense is traditionally made from the bark, roots, resin, flowers, and oils of aromatic plants. However, some types now contain additional chemicals to enhance fragrance and improve combustibility. When burned, these materials can release harmful substances such as benzene, formaldehyde, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons – a group of compounds linked to cancer risk.

"Burning incense can produce smoke containing fine particulates and various harmful gases and organic compounds, similar to those found in cigarette smoke or exhaust fumes," Dr. Vinh explains. Inhaling excessive amounts can cause headaches and dizziness. If the smoke penetrates deep into the lung alveoli, it can trigger inflammation. Incense treated with artificial fragrances releases significantly more toxic compounds when burned compared to natural herbal incense.

Dr. Vinh consults a patient. Illustration: Tam Anh General Hospital.

Cancer patients have sensitive bodies and weakened immune systems, making them prone to respiratory irritation, increased phlegm production, and a higher risk of pneumonia. Additionally, cancer patients often experience anemia due to chemotherapy side effects. When inhaling carbon monoxide in incense smoke, the red blood cells' ability to transport oxygen to cells decreases, leading to fatigue.

Dr. Vinh advises families with cancer patients to limit burning incense in enclosed spaces. They should choose short incense sticks made from natural ingredients: such as agarwood, cinnamon, sandalwood, which produce less smoke, have a mild scent, and are not treated with chemical additives. It is also important to avoid burning incense continuously day and night, and to open windows or use fans to ensure good ventilation.

Bao Tram