On 9/7, Dr. Nguyen Tien Thanh of the Vietnam Dermatology Association, reported a case of a 22-year-old man who developed genital warts after unprotected sex. The patient initially experienced small, soft bumps in the genital area, accompanied by mild itching and discharge. Due to embarrassment, he self-treated with over-the-counter creams without seeking professional medical advice. Only when the lesions spread and formed larger, cauliflower-like clusters did he finally visit a hospital. Tests confirmed a diagnosis of genital warts, a sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV).
Many young people mistakenly believe that washing with saline solution or antiseptic wash after intercourse is sufficient to prevent STIs. In reality, saline solution cannot eliminate HPV. "This virus can spread through skin-to-skin contact, including genital, oral, and anal contact, even without penetrative intercourse," Dr. Thanh explained.
Several treatment options are available for genital warts, depending on the location, number, and size of the lesions, the patient's immune status, and available medical resources. These include cryotherapy (freezing with liquid nitrogen), electrocautery (burning), CO2 laser treatment, photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT), and topical medications. However, follow-up care is crucial, as HPV can remain dormant in the body and recur at any time.
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), over 80% of sexually active individuals will contract HPV at least once in their lifetime. However, not everyone infected will experience symptoms or serious complications. HPV vaccination remains the most proactive and effective preventative measure.
The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends HPV vaccination for both males and females aged 9-14 for optimal protection. In Vietnam, the vaccine, which protects against 9 common HPV strains, is widely available and can be administered to individuals up to 45 years of age.
Dr. Thanh emphasizes that effective prevention is achievable through safe sex practices, including consistent condom use, vaccination, and regular health check-ups.
Thuy Quynh
