Skin discoloration (blue or purple)

Skin or mucous membranes turning blue or purple is a primary sign of oxygen deficiency, often linked to lung or respiratory issues. Medically, this phenomenon is called cyanosis, and it can be classified by the degree of reduced hemoglobin saturation.

Hemoglobin is a protein in red blood cells that transports oxygen. When hemoglobin's oxygen saturation decreases, cyanosis appears.

Finger and toe deformities

Clubbing of fingers and toes can warn of chronic or severe lung diseases, such as pulmonary fibrosis, bronchiectasis, lung cancer, or lung abscess. Individuals should seek early medical examination to determine the cause.

Red skin nodules

In people with sarcoidosis, red nodules appear on the skin. Sarcoidosis is an inflammatory condition where immune cells gather to form small masses called granulomas in one or more organs, most commonly the lungs. These nodules often appear on the ankles, shins, cheeks, and ears.

Weak eyelids, small pupils

Weak eyelids and small pupils may signal Horner's syndrome, often associated with a Pancoast tumor (a tumor developing at the apex of the lung). A Pancoast tumor invades nerves around the eyes and face, affecting the eyelids and pupils.

Swelling or prominent veins in the chest

Swelling or prominent veins in the upper chest, accompanied by facial and neck swelling, can indicate superior vena cava compression. This vein's function is to return blood from the upper body to the right atrium.

Lung cancer is a common cause of superior vena cava syndrome, presenting with swelling in the face, neck, and upper chest. These changes are often overlooked, but they can signal a serious illness. Regular health check-ups are essential for early detection. To protect lung health, individuals should avoid tobacco, maintain a clean living environment, exercise regularly, eat a healthy diet, and practice deep breathing exercises.

Le Nguyen (According to Times of India)