Muscle soreness occurs when muscles lose their ability to generate force, causing individuals to feel pain, stiffness, or weakness during activity and even at rest. This condition often arises from muscle overuse, insufficient recovery time, or underlying health issues that impair oxygen and energy supply to the muscles.
Master, Doctor Nguyen Thi Phuong from the Department of Musculoskeletal at Tam Anh Cau Giay General Clinic, explains that muscle soreness can manifest with several systemic symptoms, such as: shallow breathing, shortness of breath, slight tremors in the hands and feet—which become more noticeable during strenuous work or overload. Fatigue, dizziness—especially when changing positions suddenly—and a propensity for nocturnal muscle cramps are also noteworthy symptoms.
Doctor Phuong highlights several common causes of muscle soreness. Prolonged overwork or high-intensity exercise continuously uses muscles, leading to muscle fiber overload and the accumulation of metabolic waste products. This results in feelings of tension and aching. This condition commonly affects those new to exercise or individuals who suddenly increase their workout intensity.
Insufficient rest after heavy physical activity is another factor. Repetitive movements prevent muscles from adequate recovery, which can lead to recurrent and prolonged soreness. Additionally, poor sleep quality or insufficient sleep impairs the natural process of energy restoration and muscle tissue regeneration, often causing muscle soreness upon waking in the morning.
Aging naturally diminishes muscle mass and strength. Reduced muscle elasticity further decreases the ability to withstand stress and recover. This affects older adults, causing muscle soreness even during daily activities.
Poor and unbalanced nutrition, lacking essential protein, vitamins, and minerals, can directly impact muscle function. A body deficient in energy and regenerative materials will experience muscle soreness, frequently observed in individuals on extreme diets or those with irregular eating habits.
Pregnancy induces hormonal changes and weight gain in women, increasing pressure on the musculoskeletal system. Muscles must adapt to changes in posture and body weight, making them more susceptible to fatigue. This often affects the back, hips, and leg muscles, particularly during the final months of pregnancy.
Doctor Phuong advises that individuals experiencing prolonged muscle soreness should prioritize increased rest, nutritional supplementation, adequate sleep, and moderate physical activity. If symptoms do not improve, it is advisable to consult a multispecialty hospital to screen for underlying causes such as: musculoskeletal diseases, endocrine disorders, neurological conditions, poor circulation, or infections, which can all contribute to persistent muscle fatigue.
Thanh Long
