Under Decree 282/2025, effective from 15/12/2025, the government has detailed administrative penalties for various acts infringing upon public order.

Accordingly, individuals may face a warning or a fine ranging from 500,000 to mot million dong for letting pets roam in urban or public areas; or for allowing pets and plants to encroach on roadways, sidewalks, flower gardens, playgrounds, urban spaces, and common areas in residential zones.

This administrative fine has doubled compared to previous regulations, which ranged from 300,000 to 500,000 dong.

Under the new regulations, actions where pets cause injury or property damage to others will incur a maximum fine of 3 million dong.

Residents walk dogs without muzzles in Hanoi. Photo: Ngoc Thanh

Data from 2024 indicates that Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City have the largest pet dog and cat populations nationwide, with 200,000 to 400,000 animals across all wards and communes. Authorities in Ho Chi Minh City report difficulties in establishing teams to catch stray dogs and cats in wards, citing challenges with personnel, housing, and care. Enforcing penalties for stray dogs that defecate also frequently leads to disputes with owners.

Enforcement primarily relies on evidence, such as photos and videos of dogs defecating, submitted by citizens to the ward authorities. However, many dog and cat owners deny responsibility when facing penalties. Local authorities require strong, convincing evidence to issue an administrative penalty decision, which often complicates enforcement.

The encroachment of sidewalks and walkways by households placing items and potted plants is also common in urban areas.

This same Decree also outlines penalties for disturbing public peace, including a warning or a fine of up to mot million dong for causing disorder at medical examination and treatment facilities, nursing homes, or schools; or for selling food and beverages beyond regulated hours.

Individuals using loudspeakers, gongs, drums, horns, or other means for public promotion without authorization may face a fine of mot to two million dong. Additionally, the infringing items and means will be confiscated.

Son Ha