Many dangerous diseases can silently attack the body without clear warning signs, gradually damaging vital organs such as the heart, liver, kidneys, and pancreas. Early detection through regular health check-ups, combined with maintaining a healthy lifestyle and identifying risk factors, helps protect overall health.

Fatty liver

Fatty liver occurs when fat cells accumulate in the liver, exceeding 5% of its weight. In its early stages, the disease often presents no clear symptoms, leading many to overlook it. Untreated, this condition can lead to hepatitis, cirrhosis, and irreversible liver damage.

Maintaining a healthy lifestyle is a key factor in preventing fatty liver. A balanced diet rich in vegetables, fruits, lean proteins, and whole grains, combined with regular physical activity, can reverse early-stage fatty liver. Regular health check-ups and liver function tests are important for early detection.

Cardiovascular disease

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), cardiovascular disease is the leading global cause of death, estimated to cause about 17,9 million deaths annually, with many forms showing no early symptoms. For example, coronary artery disease narrows the blood vessels that supply oxygen and blood to the heart. In its early stages, the disease can progress silently but may later cause myocardial infarction (heart attack).

Particularly dangerous are silent heart attacks, which can occur without typical signs like chest pain. Myocardial oxygen deficiency might only cause fatigue, mild discomfort, or shortness of breath—symptoms easily overlooked. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle and regular cardiac check-ups significantly reduce this risk.

Hypertension

Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is often called a "silent killer" because it rarely causes symptoms in its early stages. Even without warning signs, hypertension can silently damage blood vessels, increasing the risk of myocardial infarction, stroke, and kidney disease.

Regular blood pressure monitoring and periodic health check-ups are essential. Lifestyle changes such as reducing salt intake, regular exercise, stress management, avoiding tobacco, and limiting alcohol are effective measures to control blood pressure.

HIV/AIDS

According to WHO, the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) targets cells of the immune system, known as CD4 cells. Once inside CD4 cells, HIV replicates, damaging and destroying them. Without effective antiretroviral treatment, the immune system weakens to a point where it can no longer fight off infections and diseases.

In its early stages, HIV may not cause noticeable symptoms, leading many to be unaware of their infection. Some early signs, if present, often resemble the flu or common infections, making them easily mistaken.

Early testing and timely treatment help maintain health and prevent transmission. Safe sexual practices and regular medical screening remain the most effective preventive measures.

Type 2 diabetes

Type 2 diabetes occurs when the body becomes insulin resistant or does not produce enough insulin, leading to high blood sugar. In its early stages, the disease often lacks specific symptoms, making early diagnosis difficult. Over time, elevated blood sugar can damage the heart, kidneys, eyes, and nervous system.

Preventing diabetes involves regular health check-ups, adopting a balanced diet, maintaining a healthy weight, and exercising regularly. Early detection helps better control blood sugar and reduces the risk of severe complications.

Bao Bao (According to Times of India)