Kidney failure is a condition where the kidneys' function of filtering waste products and excess water from the blood is impaired or lost. The disease does not occur suddenly; it is often the result of prolonged kidney damage. Some seemingly harmless habits, if repeated frequently, can increase the risk of kidney damage.

Uncontrolled blood pressure and blood sugar

According to the Times of India, persistently high blood pressure and blood sugar can damage blood vessels and the filtering structures of the kidneys. Many individuals only seek treatment when symptoms appear, while kidney damage progresses silently. Those with diabetes or hypertension should monitor and treat their conditions as directed by a doctor, and undergo kidney function tests when recommended.

Neglecting kidney checks when risk factors are present

The kidneys have a strong adaptive capacity, so early-stage damage often shows no obvious symptoms. Therefore, by the time the body exhibits signs such as swelling, abnormal urination, or fatigue, the disease may have already progressed.

Individuals with a family history of kidney disease or previous kidney damage should proactively discuss regular check-ups with their doctor. Blood and urine tests can help detect abnormalities early, before kidney function declines.

Frequently holding urine

Prolonged urine retention forces the bladder to hold urine for extended periods, increasing the risk of urinary tract infections in some cases. If infections spread to the kidneys and recur, kidney function can be affected. Therefore, one should not develop the habit of holding urine for long durations.

Consuming many sugary drinks is not good for kidney health. Photo: Van Anh.

Drinking too little water

Dehydration leads to concentrated urine, which can increase the risk of kidney stone formation in some individuals. Severe dehydration also reduces blood flow to the kidneys, causing damage to this organ. Individual water needs vary (typically about two liters daily); you should drink steadily throughout the day and increase intake in hot weather or when sweating heavily during exercise, according to WebMD.

Self-medicating with antibiotics

Some antibiotics can cause side effects that affect kidney function, especially when used improperly. Drug-induced kidney damage can easily impair blood filtration capacity and, in severe cases, lead to acute kidney failure. Patients should only use antibiotics under a doctor's prescription.

Excessive intake of salt and added sugar

Regular consumption of sausages, processed meats, instant noodles, fast food, and packaged meals increases sodium intake and contributes to a diet high in fats and calories. This dietary pattern raises blood pressure, leads to overweight, and metabolic disorders—factors linked to a higher risk of declining kidney function. Everyone should prioritize fresh, minimally processed foods and control salt intake for better long-term health.

Added sugar increases the risk of overweight, obesity, and insulin resistance, which can easily lead to type 2 diabetes—a primary cause of chronic kidney disease and kidney failure. A high-sugar diet can also contribute to elevated blood pressure and increased inflammation, causing damage to small blood vessels in the kidneys over time. The recommended maximum daily sugar intake for adults is 25 g (about 6 teaspoons).

Le Nguyen (Compiled)