Answer:

Medical masks are typically made from non-woven fabric with multiple layers, including a microfilter layer. This layer helps limit dust, bacteria, and viruses found in droplets when people cough, sneeze, or talk. These masks are designed for single use.

Once removed, dust, bacteria, and viruses from the environment, pockets, or clothes adhere to the outer surface. If reused, this contaminated layer can directly contact the facial skin and respiratory tract, increasing the risk of irritation and infection.

Many viruses can survive on surfaces for extended periods; for example, the flu virus lives 8-12 hours on clothing and about 5 minutes on skin. A mask exposed to the external environment, if reused, can easily become a "reservoir" for respiratory infections.

Medical masks primarily block bacteria and virus-containing droplets, but they do not filter all ultrafine particles in the air. Their protective effectiveness also decreases if the mask does not fit snugly, leaving gaps between the nose and mouth.

Medical masks should be used only once and then discarded to ensure protective effectiveness. Photo: Vecteezy

Individuals should purchase medical masks from pharmacies, medical facilities, or reputable systems to avoid low-quality products. When wearing a mask, ensure it covers the nose and mouth completely, fits snugly against the skin, and dispose of it immediately after a single use. Do not hang it up, store it in pockets, or reuse it multiple times, as this easily increases the risk of infection.

Additionally, it is important to wash hands frequently with soap or hand sanitizer, maintain environmental hygiene, and avoid crowded places during an outbreak. In daily life, ensure a nutritious diet, adequate rest, and regular exercise to boost immunity.

Completing all recommended vaccinations is also crucial for preventing respiratory illnesses such as: flu, RSV, pneumococcal disease, meningococcal disease, measles, chickenpox, mumps, and rubella. The flu vaccine protects against common A and B strains, requiring an annual booster shot to reinforce protection. There are five types of pneumococcal vaccines, which prevent pneumonia, meningitis, otitis media, and sepsis in both children and adults.

Doctor Pham Van Phu

Medical Director, VNVC Vaccination System

Readers can submit questions for vaccine consultation to the doctor here.