Hormonal acne, often associated with puberty, is linked to hormone fluctuations. However, it can also affect adults, particularly women. It typically appears around the cheeks and jawline as blackheads, whiteheads, or cysts, often accompanied by oily, inflamed, and sensitive skin.

Many factors contribute to hormonal acne, even in adulthood. Dermatologist Natalia Spierings, author of "Skintelligent: What You Really Need to Know to Get Good Skin", explains that it primarily occurs when the skin's oil glands become more sensitive to androgens. These hormones stimulate oil production and enlarge oil glands. Everyone has a certain level of androgens, which increase during puberty.

Some women are genetically more sensitive to androgens, and this sensitivity can change with age. A 2020 study found that hormonal acne in women is often caused by premenstrual hormonal changes, poor diet, lack of sleep, stress, and makeup use.

According to Dr. Spierings, lifestyle factors also play a role. For example, using too many skincare products can irritate the skin, leading to redness and breakouts. Consequently, women can experience hormonal acne into their 30s and even during perimenopause. For some, it can persist into older age, especially those with oily, acne-prone skin in their 20s and 30s.

Dr. Spierings recommends several preventive measures. Simplify your skincare routine: using too many products can irritate skin and worsen acne. She suggests a basic routine of cleanser, moisturizer, and sunscreen. Avoid touching your face or picking at blemishes to prevent infection and scarring. Use non-comedogenic sunscreen suitable for acne-prone skin.

Try one treatment at a time: many acne treatments are available, including over-the-counter medications and creams. However, avoid using multiple treatments simultaneously. Dr. Spierings suggests starting with a 2% salicylic acid cream, which is readily available and gentle. Use it for a few weeks to assess its effectiveness before trying another product.

Consult a dermatologist: if your acne is persistent, severe, or impacting your quality of life, seek professional advice from a dermatologist.

Maintain a healthy lifestyle: limiting refined sugars, spicy foods, oily foods, alcohol, managing stress, and getting enough sleep can also help control hormonal acne.

Anh Ngoc (Theo Healthline)