Twisted blue veins, pain, and a sensation of heavy legs or evening swelling are common indicators of lower limb venous insufficiency. The visibility of veins on the skin, however, does not necessarily correlate with the condition's severity.

To determine the need for intervention, doctors typically perform a Doppler ultrasound. This diagnostic tool identifies the affected venous system, measures the direction and duration of blood reflux, and assesses the vein's diameter and anatomy. When venous insufficiency leads to symptoms or progresses to include swelling, skin changes, phlebitis, or leg ulcers, interventional treatment options may be considered.

Biological glue embolization represents a modern medical advancement, offering a minimally invasive interventional technique for varicose veins. This method involves inserting a micro-catheter to deliver specialized medical glue directly into the insufficient vein, guided by ultrasound. The glue immediately seals and closes the damaged vein segment, effectively eliminating blood reflux and rerouting blood flow to healthy venous systems.

A key advantage of this method over traditional techniques is its non-thermal nature, eliminating the risk of burning surrounding tissues or damaging adjacent nerves. Furthermore, the procedure avoids the need for multiple local anesthetic injections along the vein, a requirement for laser or radiofrequency ablation, thereby reducing patient discomfort.

Master of Science, Doctor, First Degree Specialist Le Thi Ngoc Hang advises a patient on treatment methods for leg varicose veins. Illustration: Tam Anh General Hospital

Biological glue embolization is typically recommended for moderate to severe cases of great or small saphenous vein insufficiency. It also serves as a suitable option for patients with a low pain threshold or those managing multiple underlying health conditions. Post-procedure, patients can resume normal standing and walking activities without the prolonged use of compression stockings often required by other interventional methods.

To ascertain if biological glue embolization is the right treatment, a consultation with a vascular specialist is essential. This allows for a detailed assessment of vein diameter, reflux severity, and the extent of damage. Based on this evaluation, the doctor will create a personalized treatment plan to ensure optimal effectiveness, safety, and recurrence prevention.

Beyond biological glue embolization, other minimally invasive treatment options for varicose veins include radiofrequency ablation (RFA), endovenous laser ablation (EVLA), and foam sclerotherapy. These methods also aim to reduce pain and facilitate quick recovery for patients.

Master of Science, Doctor, First Degree Specialist Le Thi Ngoc Hang

Center for Thoracic and Vascular Surgery

Tam Anh General Hospital, TP HCM