According to the latest report from the Monegasque Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies (IMSEE), 37% of Monaco's population is over 65, the highest globally, ranking above Japan (30%), Italy (22.8%), Finland (21.9%), and Portugal (21.8%).
In terms of the proportion of centenarians, Monaco also leads the world with nearly 950 per 100,000 people, far exceeding other nations known for longevity, such as Japan with 98, Hong Kong with 124, and Uruguay with 85.
Monegasque anthropological researchers suggest that in addition to factors like affluent economic conditions and advanced healthcare, the healthy lifestyle, balanced diet, regular physical activity, and positive social habits of its citizens contribute to their long lifespans.
Monaco, a small nation on the Mediterranean coast, enjoys a mild climate, fresh air, and a health-conducive environment, with average temperatures ranging from 10 degrees Celsius in winter to 26 degrees Celsius in summer.
The government encourages residents to spend time outdoors by maintaining green spaces. Parks and gardens like Jardin Exotique, Jardin Saint Martin, and Fontvieille Park are considered the nation's "green lungs". Despite the high population density, air quality remains good, with an AQI of 83.
The Mediterranean diet is a cornerstone of the Monegasque lifestyle. They focus on fresh foods like seafood, vegetables, fruits, whole grains, nuts, and olive oil, while limiting red meat, processed foods, and refined sugars.
People in Monaco often purchase ingredients from local markets to ensure quality and nutrition. A small glass of red wine with meals is also a common practice due to its heart-healthy antioxidants. A study by JAMA Network Open (USA) that followed over 25,000 women for 25 years found that this diet reduced the risk of premature death by 23% and the risk of cardiovascular disease by 24%, while also improving biomarkers related to inflammation, insulin resistance, and body mass index.
Simultaneously, the Mediterranean diet helps reduce the risk of heart disease, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases, contributing significantly to increasing average lifespan.
With gently sloping terrain and scenic walking paths, walking and cycling are daily habits. Monegasque people of all ages participate in outdoor activities such as kayaking, hiking, or community fitness classes.
The Monegasque government organizes many community sporting events, such as running races, beach yoga classes, and small tournaments, attracting widespread participation, improving cardiovascular health, enhancing flexibility, and helping with the absorption of natural sunlight for vitamin D production.
According to Eurostat, the rate of Monegasque citizens participating in cultural activities, especially those aged 65 and above, is higher than the European average. The WHO recognizes that participation in sports and culture helps older adults maintain physical and mental health, reduces the risk of chronic diseases, and improves their quality of life.
In addition to its longevity, Monaco is also notable for its exceptional wealth. According to a 2023 Knight Frank report, about 32% of Monaco's population were millionaires. By 2025, this figure had risen to over 40%, according to a report by Henley Global.
Ngoc Ngan (Japan Times, Monacolife)
