Blood pressure is the force of blood against artery walls, which helps deliver oxygen and nutrient-rich blood to the body's organs. Low blood pressure can hinder this process, causing various health consequences. A healthy blood pressure is around 120/80 mmHg, while below 90/60 mmHg is considered low.

Organ damage is a serious complication of prolonged low blood pressure. It occurs when vital organs like the heart, kidneys, and brain do not receive adequate blood supply. This can lead to organ damage or dysfunction over time.

The brain is particularly vulnerable to low blood pressure. Reduced oxygen and nutrients can cause stroke-like symptoms or mental status changes such as confusion. Kidney damage, specifically acute kidney injury, can occur, impairing their ability to function normally. The heart can also suffer damage from lack of oxygen and nutrients, potentially leading to a heart attack or heart failure.

Falls and injuries are another risk associated with low blood pressure. Dizziness and fainting related to this condition increase the risk of falls and subsequent injuries. Individuals with low blood pressure should exercise caution when changing positions or standing up suddenly to prevent accidents.

In severe cases, low blood pressure can lead to shock. Shock occurs when the body doesn't receive enough blood to function properly, potentially resulting in organ failure and other dangerous complications.

Cognitive impairment can also result from insufficient blood flow to the brain. This can manifest as reduced ability to concentrate, impaired decision-making, and a diminished quality of life for those affected.

Low blood pressure can also create complications during medical procedures like surgery. It elevates the risk of complications such as excessive bleeding or oxygen deficiency.

According to the American Heart Association, individuals experiencing frequent dizziness, nausea, fainting, unusual fatigue despite 7-9 hours of sleep, headaches, blurred vision, or heart palpitations should consult a doctor.

Most people with low blood pressure are asymptomatic and experience no disruption to their daily activities, rarely requiring medication or treatment. However, proactive lifestyle changes can improve blood pressure readings. Staying hydrated and wearing compression socks to promote blood circulation in the legs are recommended. Maintaining a healthy diet rich in folate and vitamin B12 can prevent anemia and low blood pressure. Changing positions slowly, from lying to sitting and from sitting to standing, allows the body to adapt. Regular physical activity helps keep muscles strong and promotes efficient blood circulation throughout the body.

Le Nguyen (According to Hindustan Times)