The weight-loss tea Nguyet purchased came in sachets, labeled as containing "dried fruit ingredients, natural origin," and had a fruity scent. After two weeks of consumption, Nguyet developed a loss of appetite, rapid heartbeat, and fainted, necessitating emergency care at Tam Anh General Hospital TP HCM.

Upon admission, Nguyet's glomerular filtration rate had dropped below 60 ml/min, accompanied by high blood potassium, elevated liver enzymes, and high blood sugar. Dr. Hoang Thi Hong Linh, from the Department of Endocrinology - Diabetes at Tam Anh General Hospital TP HCM, diagnosed acute kidney failure, noting signs of liver impairment in a patient with type 1 diabetes and class one obesity. Treatment involved rehydration, insulin and glucose infusions to lower blood sugar and potassium, and electrolyte balancing.

"Unverified weight-loss teas may contain banned substances," stated Dr. Linh. She cautioned that these substances can cause poisoning, affect the cardiovascular system, disrupt electrolyte balance, and pose risks, especially for individuals with diabetes. Using weight-loss drugs or supplements without medical guidance can also lead to exhaustion, liver failure, and gastric hemorrhage.

Many unregulated weight-loss products act as powerful diuretics, causing rapid dehydration and reducing circulatory volume. This decreased volume then limits blood flow to organs, including the kidneys, significantly raising the risk of acute kidney failure – a sudden decline in kidney function.

Nguyet has lived with type 1 diabetes for over four years. This chronic autoimmune disease occurs when the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the pancreas's insulin-producing cells. Consequently, Nguyet relies on external insulin for life to manage her blood sugar. Without proper control, she faces a high risk of severe complications, including angina and damage to kidney blood vessels.

Doctor Linh checking Nguyet's health during a follow-up visit. Photo: Tam Anh General Hospital

Doctors continue to monitor Nguyet's blood sugar, potassium, and liver enzyme levels, alongside providing fluid replacement and insulin to manage her blood sugar. The treatment protocol focuses on symptom management and minimizing further damage to her liver and kidneys.

Individuals with type 1 diabetes seeking weight loss should consult a doctor for proper examination and a suitable treatment plan. This approach prevents risks associated with uncontrolled blood sugar. Improper diets and excessive fasting do not effectively reduce fat; instead, they can cause weakness, dehydration, diarrhea, and negatively impact cardiovascular and nervous systems, worsening existing underlying conditions and making them difficult to manage.

Duc Hanh

*Patient's name has been changed.

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