Response

According to 2024 statistics from the Global Cancer Observatory (Globocan), Vietnam recorded over 25,000 new cases of breast cancer. Breast cancer development is linked to gene, lifestyle, and environmental factors. Several methods help prevent breast cancer, including having a first child before the age of 35.

From puberty until a woman's first pregnancy, immature breast cells are vulnerable to estrogen hormones and carcinogens from the environment, chemicals, or radiation. A first full-term pregnancy helps breast cells fully mature and develop uniformly, reducing the likelihood of gene mutation into cancer cells and contributing to breast cancer prevention.

Doctor Vinh examines a patient. Illustrative photo: Tam Anh General Hospital

Pregnancy also reduces the total number of menstrual cycles in a woman's lifetime. Most types of breast cancer, especially those with positive hormone receptors, are highly dependent on estrogen and progesterone levels. During each menstrual cycle, estrogen and progesterone levels surge, stimulating mammary gland cells to divide. More cell division increases the risk of abnormal cells, which can become cancer cells.

During pregnancy and breastfeeding, women temporarily stop ovulating and do not menstruate. This interruption reduces the total number of menstrual cycles throughout a woman's life. Additionally, during breastfeeding, breast tissue cells shed and are replaced, helping to remove cells with damaged DNA before they can develop into malignant tumors.

After weaning, the breast tissue and gland system responsible for milk production shrink, and excess tissues regress. This process helps "clean up" abnormal or mutated mammary gland cells.

In addition to having your first child before 35, you should adopt other measures to reduce breast cancer risk. These include maintaining a healthy weight, following a balanced diet rich in carbohydrates, protein, fats, minerals, and vitamins. You can also increase physical activity and get 15 minutes of direct sunlight daily. Limit consumption of processed foods, alcoholic beverages, and avoid smoking.

Doctor CKI Le Ngoc Vinh

Surgical Oncology Unit

Tam Anh General Clinic, District 7