Low and high blood sugar are common symptoms of diabetes. Low blood sugar, also known as hypoglycemia, can sometimes be more dangerous, potentially leading to coma, confusion, and brain damage if not treated promptly. Blood sugar levels below 70 mg/dL (3,9 mmol/L) indicate low blood sugar. A blood glucose concentration below 50 mg/dL (2,8 mmol/L) is considered severe hypoglycemia, a dangerous condition requiring emergency care.
Consuming alcohol can easily lead to acute low blood sugar. When alcohol is consumed, the liver prioritizes removing alcohol from the bloodstream rather than regulating blood sugar levels. This increases the risk of low blood sugar, which can persist for up to 24 hours after the last drink. The condition tends to be more severe if alcohol is consumed on an empty stomach.
Low blood sugar and alcohol intoxication can present with similar symptoms such as drowsiness, headache, dizziness, and confusion, making it difficult for individuals to distinguish between the two conditions.
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People with diabetes must regularly check their blood sugar to avoid extreme fluctuations. *Photo: Tam Anh General Hospital*
To prevent alcohol-induced low blood sugar, it is advisable to eat a full meal before drinking, prioritizing green vegetables and lean protein dishes. These foods help slow the rate of alcohol absorption into the bloodstream. When drinking, consume only a moderate amount, sip slowly, and limit intake to a maximum of one to two small glasses.
Individuals with diabetes should take their medication at the correct dosage and time. Regular physical activity, such as 30 minutes of exercise daily, and careful diet control are also essential for maintaining stable blood sugar. If symptoms of low blood sugar appear—such as fatigue, dizziness, sweating, or feeling cold—quickly consume sugar by eating sweets or drinking sugary water. Afterwards, check blood sugar levels. If there is no improvement or if improvement is slow, seek immediate medical attention at a hospital.
Dr. Tran Thuy Ngan
Head of Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit
Tam Anh General Clinic, District 7
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