Menopause is a natural physiological milestone every woman experiences. This period marks not only the end of reproductive capacity but also the most significant decline in the endocrine system. Hormone deficiency triggers symptoms such as hot flashes, insomnia, mood changes, and vaginal dryness. These hormonal shifts also affect cardiovascular health, bones and joints, the brain, and metabolic processes.

Do Xuan Hoa, a pharmacist at the Medical Information Center, Tam Anh General Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, explains that the activity of the brain-pituitary-ovary axis gradually diminishes with age. This system governs physiological and reproductive processes, regulating the production of female sex hormones such as estrogen, progesterone, and testosterone.

As women enter menopause, ovarian function declines, reducing hormone secretion. This decline impacts various physiological activities, from reproductive function to skin health. Skin becomes drier, loses elasticity, and shows deeper wrinkles and increased pigmentation due to decreased collagen and moisture retention, which are linked to lower estrogen levels.

A doctor at Tam Anh General Hospital advises a patient. *Photo: Provided by the hospital*

Estrogen also helps maintain bone density, protects the cardiovascular system, and regulates lipid metabolism. A decrease in hormone levels accelerates bone loss, increasing the risk of osteoporosis, fractures, dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular disease. These changes can silently progress for years after menopause, impacting health and quality of life without proper care.

The average age of menopause for Vietnamese women is around 48 to 50, while the average life expectancy is almost 80. Pharmacist Hoa notes that this means many women will live nearly 30 years with declining hormone levels. This period also sees a gradual increase in the risk of osteoporosis, cardiovascular disease, and metabolic disorders.

Pharmacist Hoa advises women to prioritize endocrine health starting in perimenopause through a balanced diet, regular exercise, adequate sleep, and stress management. Additionally, women can consider herbal supplements like Lepidium Meyenii and P. Leucotomos, which are rich in minerals and vitamins. These can help restore the function of the brain-pituitary-ovary axis, regulate hormones, and alleviate hot flashes, enabling the body to adapt to menopausal physiological changes and maintain a good quality of life.

Dinh Dieu