Pharyngitis is an inflammation of the pharyngeal lining, commonly caused by viruses, bacteria, or irritants such as changing weather, dust, and cold air. This condition is widespread and affects people of all ages.

Symptoms of pharyngitis include a burning sore throat, a dry or hot sensation in the throat, and often difficulty or pain when swallowing. Other common signs are hoarseness, fatigue, and a low-grade fever. Due to the interconnectedness of the upper respiratory tract, some individuals may also experience a dry or productive cough, runny nose, or nasal congestion. These symptoms typically emerge as the body reacts to the inflammatory agent.

Doctor Trung advises a patient on signs of pharyngitis. *Illustration: Tam Anh General Hospital*

Most cases of viral pharyngitis can resolve on their own within a few days. This usually occurs with adequate rest, sufficient hydration, keeping the body warm, and proper throat care. However, if a sore throat persists for over one week, or if you experience a high fever, difficulty swallowing, difficulty breathing, or a severe cough, it is advisable to consult a doctor for a proper assessment and suitable treatment.

A doctor may prescribe medications to alleviate symptoms, such as pain relievers, fever reducers, or throat lozenges. Herbal cough syrups or cough suppressants can also provide relief for bothersome coughs. It is crucial not to self-medicate with antibiotics, as these are only effective for bacterial pharyngitis and require a doctor's prescription.

You should seek medical attention if your sore throat lasts longer than one week or is accompanied by unusual signs. These include a high fever of 38,5 degrees Celsius or higher, prolonged hoarseness, pus in the throat, blood in saliva or sputum, a skin rash, or signs of dehydration.

To reduce the risk of pharyngitis, individuals should keep their nose, mouth, and throat warm during weather changes and wear masks in public. Limiting exposure to dust, drinking enough water, maintaining a nutritious diet, and gargling with saline solution are also beneficial. Early recognition of symptoms helps individuals proactively manage their health and prevent prolonged inflammation.

Master, Doctor Nguyen Chi Trung

ENT Department

Tam Anh General Hospital Hanoi