The cyst appeared one year ago and recently grew rapidly. An ultrasound at Tam Anh General Hospital TP HCM revealed its size to be 15x11 mm, with signs of infection. Doctor Nguyen Duc Tuan, Specialist Level II, Head of the Department of Pediatric Surgery, stated that the inflamed or infected cyst, along with the surrounding swollen tissue, was prone to bleeding and difficult to excise. This increased the risk of the cyst rupturing during surgery, which could spread bacteria and lead to recurrence.

The patient was prescribed anti-inflammatory and antibiotic medication for 7 days before surgery to control the infection. During the operation, doctors completely removed the sebaceous cyst and closed the incision with biological glue to minimize scarring.

Doctor Tuan (center) with the surgical team operating on Thu. *Photo: Tam Anh General Hospital*

Sebaceous cysts, also known as epidermal cysts, are typically benign. They form when sebaceous glands beneath the skin become blocked, causing sebum and keratin to accumulate, creating a lump or cyst. Initially, these cysts are small, firm, and cause little pain, often mistaken for acne or small lymph nodes. When bacteria enter, the cyst becomes red, swollen, painful, and may even form pus, leading to infection. If not treated promptly, sebaceous cysts can grow larger, resulting in severe inflammation, abscesses, and requiring surgical intervention.

Doctor Tuan advises parents to seek early medical attention for children if they discover any lumps under the skin. Surgeons prefer to operate when the cyst is small, approximately 1-2 cm, and has not ruptured. At this stage, complete excision of the cyst capsule is easier, limiting complications and reducing the risk of recurrence. Parents should also avoid squeezing or incising the cyst themselves, as this can cause infection.

After surgery, if the child experiences significant pain, redness, swelling, or pus discharge at the incision site, parents should take them to the hospital for examination.

Minh Tam

*Patient's name has been changed