Elevated liver enzymes, such as ALT and AST, indicate that liver cells are experiencing inflammation or damage. Common causes include fatty liver disease, alcohol consumption, viral hepatitis, certain medications, and chemicals. These harmful factors can over-activate Kupffer cells, which then release inflammatory mediators that further injure liver cells, leading to increased enzyme levels.

Dr. Doan Vinh Binh, a Master's degree holder from the Medical Information Center at Tam Anh General Hospital TP HCM, suggests several methods to protect liver cells and effectively manage liver enzyme levels.

Limit alcohol consumption

Alcohol is a primary factor to eliminate when liver enzymes are elevated. Alcohol is primarily metabolized in the liver, producing substances that can promote oxidative stress and damage liver cells. Individuals with abnormal liver enzyme levels should avoid or significantly limit alcohol intake.

Normal liver tissue versus fibrotic liver tissue due to over-activated Kupffer cells. Photo: Eco Pharma

Lose weight if overweight

For individuals who are overweight, obese, or have fatty liver disease, gradual weight loss can help reduce fat accumulation in the liver and improve liver enzyme levels. However, rapid weight loss should be avoided as it can disrupt metabolism and put excessive strain on the liver as it processes released excess fat.

Reduce sugar and unhealthy fats in your diet

According to Dr. Binh, free sugars should constitute less than 10% of total daily energy intake, which is approximately 50 g for a 2,000 kcal diet. Adults should consume less than 10% saturated fat and less than one percent trans fat of their total energy intake. This contributes to preventing fatty liver and reducing inflammation within the liver.

Maintain regular physical activity

Exercise helps the body use energy more efficiently, improves insulin sensitivity, and aids in reducing fat within the liver. Combining brisk walking, cycling, swimming, or other aerobic activities with strength training is beneficial. Aim for at least 30 minutes of regular exercise each day to boost overall health, including liver health.

Do not self-medicate or use "liver supplements"

Self-administering certain medications, herbal remedies, and dietary supplements can cause liver damage. When high liver enzymes are detected, patients should consult a doctor and provide a list of all current medications and supplements for timely evaluation and adjustment. Do not self-purchase liver enzyme-lowering drugs or products advertised for "liver detoxification" without identifying the underlying cause.

Dr. Binh states that elevated liver enzymes can improve with early detection and appropriate adjustments. In addition to maintaining a healthy weight, eating a balanced diet, and exercising regularly, individuals with high liver enzymes may consider supplementing with natural essences such as wasabia japonica and s. marianum. These can help control the excessive activity of Kupffer cells and support liver protection against harmful agents.

Dinh Dieu