At Tam Anh District 7 General Clinic, Ms. Hoa's rectoscopy revealed both internal and external hemorrhoids. The external hemorrhoids were prolapsed, firm, bruised, and exhibited signs of thrombosis and bleeding. Doctor Cao Ngoc Khanh diagnosed her with mixed hemorrhoids complicated by thrombosis.

Thrombosis develops when blood vessels within a hemorrhoid rupture, forming a blood clot. This causes sudden, severe pain. Without intervention, the clot can impede tissue nourishment, leading to ischemia and potentially hemorrhoid necrosis. Such a condition increases the risk of bacterial infection, resulting in an abscess or an anal fistula.

Doctors performed surgery to open the hemorrhoid and remove the thrombus. Laser energy was then used to cauterize the internal blood vessels, causing them to shrink. Ms. Hoa was discharged 24 hours post-surgery. A week later, a follow-up examination confirmed a dry incision and normal bowel function.

Doctor Khanh is treating hemorrhoids with laser. Photo: Tam Anh General Hospital

Doctor Khanh highlighted the benefits of laser hemorrhoid surgery. This technique selectively targets the submucosal hemorrhoid, inducing shrinkage and fibrosis without harming the anal canal's anatomical structure. Consequently, it preserves anal physiological function and minimizes postoperative complications.

Hemorrhoids are prevalent anorectal conditions, frequently affecting individuals aged 45-65, with a higher incidence in men. The disease often progresses in episodes, influenced by lifestyle, diet, and chronic constipation. Treatment options vary based on severity, including conservative management, non-surgical procedures like: rubber band ligation, sclerotherapy, infrared photocoagulation, radiofrequency ablation, or laser. Surgery is reserved for severe or complicated cases.

Mixed hemorrhoids typically develop silently. However, when thrombotic complications arise, patients may experience rapidly worsening anal pain, a swollen, bruised hemorrhoid mass, often accompanied by fever or general fatigue. Doctor Khanh urges hemorrhoid patients not to overlook symptoms or delay seeking medical advice. He recommends a high-fiber diet, ample hydration, avoiding straining during bowel movements, limiting prolonged sitting or standing, and consulting a doctor for any unusual signs.

Quyen Phan

*Patient's name has been changed