This content is part of the draft amended Capital Law dossier, developed by the Bo Tu phap, and is expected to be considered and approved by the Quoc hoi at its 1st session in 4/2026.

Article 19 of the draft law, which focuses on education and training development, specifies that the UBND TP Ha Noi has the authority to issue general education curricula for specialized schools and high-quality educational institutions. This authority must ensure compliance with the national framework program. The city is also empowered to adjust preschool and general education programs to suit local realities. Furthermore, it can establish criteria and conditions for facilities, management staff, teachers, curriculum, teaching methods, and high-quality educational services.

The draft allows Hanoi to regulate educational linkages between the city's public preschools and general education institutions and foreign educational institutions. The city government can also invest in and develop a system of public schools, high-quality schools, multi-level schools, and specialized schools. This ensures adequate space, pedagogical landscapes both inside and outside schools, and a teaching staff that fully meets student learning needs.

The HDND TP Ha Noi is proposed to decide on the models, management mechanisms, and financial mechanisms for specialized schools from junior secondary level upwards, multi-level educational institutions, and high-quality educational institutions.

Students at a high school graduation exam site in Hanoi. Photo: Thanh Hang

According to the Bo Tu phap, these policies aim to establish the Capital as a high-quality education and training center, capable of driving innovation, digital transformation, and international integration. Allowing the implementation of multi-level education models, specialized schools, high-quality educational institutions, and international educational linkages, along with strong decentralization of management authority, licensing, and curriculum development, will create a flexible legal framework suitable for a large urban area.

The drafting agency believes these mechanisms will contribute to improving human resource quality, meeting the demands for rapid and sustainable development of the Capital amidst regional and global competition.

The current Luat Thu do was adopted by the 15th Quoc hoi in 6/2024 and became effective from 1/1/2025. However, the Bo Tu phap assesses that the actual management and urban development of Hanoi still reveal many limitations. Rapid urbanization has outpaced the development of technical and social infrastructure. Persistent issues include traffic congestion, localized flooding, environmental pollution, prolonged air pollution, and severe pollution in rivers. Urban safety, particularly fire prevention and fighting in densely populated areas, remains limited and poses high risks.

Moreover, the need for institutional reform for the Capital's development also stems from new strategic objectives and development visions. Hanoi is designated as the national political and administrative hub, playing a leading role in shaping new development models and mindsets for the country. It also holds a leading position nationwide in culture, science, education, and innovation.

Based on these foundations, the Bo Tu phap emphasizes the necessity for specific mechanisms and policies. These would enable the Capital to be more proactive in deciding and implementing large-scale infrastructure projects with regional and inter-regional connectivity. The amendment to the Luat Thu do aims to timely institutionalize major policies of the Party, in line with the spirit of the draft documents for the XIV Party Congress and key resolutions of the Politburo, ultimately establishing a distinctive, superior, and long-term development institution for Hanoi.