Thirst and frequent urination are two typical signs of elevated blood sugar. When glucose levels in the blood exceed the kidneys' reabsorption capacity, sugar is excreted through urine, drawing water with it. This leads to dehydration and increased thirst. Prolonged high blood sugar can also be subtly linked to several other less common symptoms.
Stomach pain
Persistently high blood sugar can damage the nerves that control stomach function, slowing down gastric emptying. Food remaining in the stomach longer can cause symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, bloating, heartburn, or a feeling of early fullness during meals. If this condition persists, it can lead to diabetic gastroparesis.
Frequent urinary tract infections
According to MayO Clinic, urinary tract infections (UTIs) occur when bacteria attack the urinary system, including the urethra, bladder, and kidneys. Women face a higher risk due to a shorter urethra and its proximity to the anus. Individuals with diabetes are more susceptible to UTIs. The body attempts to eliminate excess blood sugar by increasing urine output, which can foster bacterial growth and lead to infections.
Sexual health issues can also arise, including decreased libido or erectile dysfunction in men, and vaginal dryness in women.
Dark spots and skin tags on the skin
Darker, thicker patches of skin in areas like the neck, armpits, groin, or other folds can indicate acanthosis nigricans. This condition is often associated with insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia. High insulin levels can stimulate abnormal skin cell growth, causing the affected areas to become darker and thicker.
Prolonged high blood sugar can also relate to various skin problems such as skin tags, dry, itchy skin, dermatitis, or bacterial and fungal infections.
Slow-healing cuts and bruises
When blood sugar levels are not well controlled, individuals may notice that cuts and bruises heal slowly. High glucose concentrations in the blood disrupt microcirculation, making blood vessels prone to hardening and less elastic. This increases the risk of vessel rupture, leading to bruises. Skin cells also receive less oxygen and nutrients, which impacts the skin's ability to recover, according to Eating Well.
For questions about diabetes, readers can consult a doctor.
