The eyes are continuously working organs, yet they are vulnerable to factors like age, blue light, UV radiation, and daily habits. Often, attention is only given to eye health when symptoms such as pain, redness, or blurred vision emerge. However, many eye conditions develop silently and can severely affect vision if not detected early. Understanding common changes and practicing proper eye care can significantly lower the risk of long-term vision impairment.

Vision changes with age

After the age of 40, presbyopia often begins, making it difficult to see objects up close or requiring individuals to hold their phones further away to read clearly. This occurs because the eye's lens gradually loses elasticity with age, diminishing its ability to adjust focus for near vision. This is a natural part of the aging process. While nearsighted individuals might experience presbyopia later, the condition typically still develops as the eyes age.

Eye symptoms not to ignore

Eye pain, blurred vision, flashes of light, numerous dark spots (floaters) in the visual field, or difficulty seeing at night can all signal underlying eye conditions. Additionally, symptoms such as persistent dry eyes, continuous tearing, light sensitivity, or frequent headaches also require monitoring. Early detection through examinations can identify serious conditions like glaucoma, cataracts, or retinal damage before significant vision impairment occurs.

Healthy eating

According to Eatingwell, a nutrient-rich diet can help protect the retina and slow the aging process of the eyes. Foods rich in lutein and zeaxanthin, such as kale and spinach, contribute to reducing the risk of macular degeneration and cataracts. Vitamin C, found in oranges and lemons, helps protect the eye's lens from UV damage, while vitamin E from nuts helps reduce cellular damage in the eyes. Zinc, a mineral abundant in oysters and seafood, also plays a crucial role in maintaining good vision.

Exercise is good for eyes

Regular physical activity benefits not only cardiovascular health but also supports visual health. Consistent exercise can reduce the risk of glaucoma, macular degeneration, and improve blood circulation to the eyes. Good blood sugar control through exercise also lowers the risk of diabetic retinopathy, a leading cause of vision loss in adults.

Prolonged screen time can strain eyes

According to Prevention, prolonged viewing of computer or phone screens can easily lead to digital eye strain, with symptoms such as dry eyes, red eyes, blurred vision, headaches, or neck and shoulder pain. This occurs because when concentrating on a screen, individuals tend to blink less than usual, causing tears to evaporate quickly. Experts recommend applying the 20-20-20 rule: every 20 minutes of screen time, look at something 6 meters (20 feet) away for 20 seconds to relax your eyes. Adjusting screen brightness appropriately and positioning devices below eye level also reduces eye strain.

Preventing dry eyes

Dry eyes can occur when the eyes lack the necessary water, oil, or mucus to maintain moisture on the surface of the eyeball. Sufferers often experience grittiness, burning, dryness, or temporary blurred vision. Prolonged exposure to air conditioning, dust, continuous use of electronic devices, or insufficient sleep can exacerbate dry eye symptoms. To improve this, regularly rest your eyes, stay hydrated, avoid direct airflow to your face, and consider using artificial tears as advised by a doctor.

Regular eye exams

Many conditions like glaucoma or macular degeneration show almost no symptoms in their early stages. Therefore, regular eye exams help detect abnormalities early, before vision is permanently damaged. Adults should undergo eye examinations every 6 to 12 months, particularly if they are over 40, have diabetes, high blood pressure, or a family history of eye conditions. Simple habits like wearing UV-blocking sunglasses outdoors, getting adequate sleep, and avoiding frequent eye rubbing also contribute to long-term eye protection.

*Bao Bao (Compiled).*