Ms. Trang had adenomyosis and endometriosis on both ovaries. Three years ago, doctors in Germany inserted an intrauterine device to treat her prolonged bleeding. One year later, she experienced extended periods of heavy bleeding, dizziness, and a rapid heartbeat. She then returned to Vietnam for treatment at Tam Anh General Hospital Hanoi.

Doctor Hoang My Kim, from the Obstetrics and Gynecology Center, diagnosed Ms. Trang with severe anemia caused by excessive menstrual bleeding. Her hemoglobin level was 4,7 g/dl, significantly below the normal range of 11-14,7 g/dl for healthy individuals. Her red blood cell count was 12%, compared to the standard 35-46,7%. "The patient lost nearly 45% of her blood volume due to prolonged heavy bleeding," Doctor Kim stated. She prescribed blood transfusions and medication for Ms. Trang. After her condition stabilized, she was discharged and continued with regular follow-up appointments.

While endometriosis is not life-threatening, excessive bleeding can lead to chronic anemia. Treatment plans for women with the condition are individualized, depending on the severity of the disease and age. For women with mild cases or those not planning to conceive, doctors prioritize symptom stabilization with pain relievers or hormonal therapy. Patients with large tumors, severe pain unresponsive to medication, or at risk of complications may require laparoscopic intervention. For infertile patients, doctors may advise considering surgery first or proceeding with assisted reproductive technologies such as: intrauterine insemination (IUI) or in vitro fertilization (IVF).

Endometriosis often presents with atypical symptoms, leading to late diagnosis in many cases. Common symptoms include: severe menstrual cramps, painful intercourse, and digestive issues (diarrhea, constipation, bloating, nausea). Doctors recommend women seek early medical examination if they experience suspicious symptoms.

Hang Tran