Atrophic rhinitis is a condition where the nasal lining and internal nasal structures gradually thin, atrophy, and lose function. This leads to the nasal cavity becoming wider than normal, with the mucosa drying out, easily peeling, and forming foul-smelling crusts.

Patients often experience dryness, a burning sensation, and a foreign body sensation in the nose. Some individuals suffer from nasal congestion or difficulty breathing through the nose because the atrophied mucosa disrupts airflow, reducing the ability to perceive air passage. Less common symptoms include nosebleeds, crusting, thick discharge with odor, headaches, and a reduced sense of smell.

This condition typically affects both sides of the nose and is categorized into two types. Primary atrophic rhinitis refers to cases with an unclear cause, though some studies suggest a link to genetic factors or autoimmune mechanisms. Secondary atrophic rhinitis is often associated with prolonged rhinosinusitis, trauma, radiation therapy, autoimmune diseases, or environmental factors.

Doctor Thach performs a nasal endoscopy for a patient. Illustration: Tam Anh General Clinic District 7.

Atrophic rhinitis is a chronic condition, and the atrophied nasal lining often finds it difficult to fully recover to its original state. Treatment aims to control and reduce symptoms, maintain nasal lining moisture, remove accumulated nasal mucus, control infection, and limit complications such as sinusitis, nasal infections, and recurrent nosebleeds.

A doctor may prescribe nasal irrigation with appropriate solutions to clean the nasal cavity, moisturizing drops or sprays, and antibiotics for secondary infections. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to narrow the nasal cavity, which helps improve moisture and airflow through the nose.

The treatment method depends on the cause, severity of damage, and individual patient response. If you have been diagnosed with atrophic rhinitis, you should adhere to medical instructions, attend regular follow-up appointments, and avoid self-medicating with nasal drops or sprays without a doctor's prescription.

Doctor Vo Ba Thach, Ear, Nose, and Throat First-Degree Specialist

Tam Anh General Clinic District 7