Dr. Nguyen Tien Dung, Deputy Director of the Stroke Center at Bach Mai Hospital, stated that extreme heat poses a particular danger to vulnerable groups. These include the elderly, individuals with underlying medical conditions such as cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and diabetes, and especially those with a history of stroke. The hospital frequently admits patients in critical condition due to the habit of showering immediately after outdoor activities in the sun.
According to Dr. Dung, two primary mechanisms cause the body to collapse from sudden temperature changes. When the body is at a high temperature, peripheral blood vessels dilate to release heat. Sudden exposure to cold water stimulates the sympathetic nervous system, causing blood vessels to constrict instantly to retain heat. This increases pressure on blood vessel walls, leading to a sudden spike in blood pressure, which can result in brain hemorrhage or brain infarction.
Additionally, hot weather causes rapid dehydration and electrolyte loss through sweat. This condition increases blood viscosity and reduces circulating volume. When blood becomes "thicker" and flows slowly, combined with changes in heart rate, blood clots can easily form, subsequently causing cerebral artery blockage.
"Stroke spares no one, even young people, if they are careless with their daily habits," Dr. Dung cautioned. He advised everyone not to shower immediately after sun exposure. Instead, individuals should rest in a cool, airy place to allow their body to cool down naturally for about 20-30 minutes.
Before showering, acclimate to the water by wiping your body with a damp towel or washing your hands and feet. Drink enough water, prioritizing plain water and electrolyte drinks; limit alcohol and coffee. Avoid peak sun hours by limiting outdoor activities from 10h to 16h. Individuals with underlying medical conditions should monitor their blood pressure and take medication as prescribed.
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A patient receiving treatment at the Stroke Center, Bach Mai Hospital. Photo: Dieu Hien |
During hot weather, if the following symptoms appear, transport the patient to a medical facility immediately, following the FAST rule:
F (Face): Mouth drooping
A (Arm): Weakness or paralysis on one side of the arm/leg
S (Speech): Slurred speech, difficulty speaking, or not understanding others' words
T (Time): Call emergency 115 immediately – every minute, millions of brain cells are irreversibly damaged.
Furthermore, be vigilant for signs of heatstroke, such as a body temperature above 40 degrees C, hot dry skin, confusion, disorientation, or seizures.
Le Nga
