Heart failure occurs when the heart cannot effectively pump blood to meet the body's needs. Unlike an acute heart attack, which strikes suddenly, heart failure often develops gradually over months or years. Symptoms such as prolonged fatigue, rapid weight gain due to fluid retention, coughing when lying down, nocturnal shortness of breath, or sleep disturbances are often mistaken for stress or aging.

Sudden weight gain

One of the most frequently overlooked signs of heart failure is sudden weight gain. This typically occurs within a few days due to fluid accumulation. When the heart struggles to pump blood effectively, fluid accumulates in the body, leading to edema and rapid weight gain. Early recognition of this condition allows for timely assessment and treatment, preventing further fluid buildup and complications.

Persistent cough

A persistent cough or wheezing, especially when lying down, can signal heart failure. This differs from a common cold cough as it involves fluid accumulation in the lungs. When lying flat, fluid can shift, irritating the airways and triggering a cough.

Nausea, loss of appetite

Heart failure also significantly impacts the digestive system. Reduced blood flow to the intestines significantly slows digestion, leading to symptoms like nausea, loss of appetite, or an uncomfortable feeling of fullness after eating. This indicates the heart is struggling to supply oxygen-rich blood to digestive organs. Over time, these digestive complications impair nutrient absorption and increase strain on the cardiovascular system, necessitating prompt medical attention.

Confusion

The brain is highly sensitive to changes in blood flow. Reduced blood circulation, caused by inefficient heart function, can lead to cognitive issues. Patients may experience symptoms such as forgetfulness, confusion, difficulty concentrating, and mental fogginess.

Sleep disturbances

Sleep disturbances are another symptom indicating early-stage heart failure. Difficulty falling asleep, frequent nighttime awakenings, and shortness of breath are often linked to fluid accumulation in the lungs and reduced heart function.

Preventing heart failure involves maintaining a healthy lifestyle. Individuals should exercise regularly for about 30 minutes daily, consume less salt and saturated fats, manage weight, quit smoking, limit alcohol, and undergo regular health check-ups.

Le Nguyen

(According to

Times of India