Taiwan, China, currently records the highest rate of patients requiring dialysis globally. However, only about 3.5% of its nearly 2 million kidney patients are aware of their condition. Doctors warn that chronic kidney disease often shows no clear symptoms in its early stages. If not detected and managed properly, it can progress to end-stage kidney failure, forcing patients to undergo dialysis to sustain life.

Edema can be a warning sign of abnormal kidney function. Doctor Wang Zhixian, Deputy Director of Internal Medicine and a nephrology specialist at Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Taiwan, points out that edema stems from fluid accumulation in the body. This is a consequence of metabolic disorders or impaired kidney function.

Many medical conditions, such as heart failure, kidney failure, cirrhosis, endocrine abnormalities, or vascular circulation disorders, can cause pathological edema. If individuals notice eyelid swelling in the morning upon waking or swollen ankles in the evening for one to two continuous weeks, they should be vigilant and seek timely medical examination.

Illustration: The Irish Times

Excluding pathological factors, Doctor Wang Zhixian explained that a person's weight can fluctuate from 0,5 to 2 kg daily. This variation depends on several factors, including water intake, frequency of urination and defecation, the amount of food and seasonings consumed, exercise regimen, and even the clothing worn. For women, the menstrual cycle also significantly impacts daily weight changes.

To effectively protect and maintain kidney function, the doctor shared four core principles for daily health care. The first is to effectively manage chronic diseases, especially blood sugar and blood pressure levels. The second is to adopt a scientific diet, limiting the consumption of foods high in salt (sodium) to prevent water retention and weight gain. Consulting a nutritionist for more effective weight management is also advisable.

Furthermore, maintaining a healthy physique by aiming to reduce 5% to 10% of body weight within 6 months, ideally 0,5 to 1 kg per week, will offer numerous benefits for overall health. Finally, incorporating moderate physical activity is an excellent way to relax and improve physical fitness.

However, before starting any exercise regimen, it is imperative to assess cardiorespiratory endurance, muscle strength, and any physical risk factors. Should symptoms such as chest pain, heart palpitations, edema, shortness of breath, or dizziness arise, individuals should consult a doctor to establish an appropriate and safe exercise plan.

Doctor Wang Zhixian, Director of Internal Medicine and a nephrology specialist at Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Taiwan, China. *Photo: Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital*

Binh Minh (According to TVBS)