Answer:

Grade B cirrhosis is typically identified using the Child-Pugh score, which assesses liver function based on indicators such as bilirubin, albumin, and prothrombin time, along with the presence of ascites and hepatic encephalopathy. This scoring system classifies cirrhosis into three levels: A, B, and C. Grade B indicates moderate impairment of liver function and a higher risk of complications compared to grade A cirrhosis. Grade B cirrhosis is distinct from hepatitis B, which is caused by the HBV virus. Chronic hepatitis B is one potential cause that can lead to cirrhosis.

Cirrhosis is a condition where normal liver tissue is gradually replaced by fibrous tissue and scar tissue due to prolonged damage. As liver function declines, portal hypertension increases, and patients may experience ascites, leg edema, jaundice, and esophageal varices. In some cases, gastrointestinal bleeding can occur due to ruptured esophageal varices, leading to infection.

The goal of cirrhosis treatment is to control the underlying cause of liver damage, limit further progression of liver injury, and prevent and manage complications. Patients with chronic hepatitis B or C require evaluation by a specialist to prescribe appropriate antiviral medication. If cirrhosis is alcohol-related, patients must completely stop alcohol consumption. In cases where cirrhosis is associated with metabolic-associated fatty liver disease, patients need to manage their weight, blood sugar, blood lipids, and cardiovascular risk factors as advised by their doctor.

Doctor Thanh consults a patient. Illustration: Tam Anh General Hospital.

Doctors assess the clinical condition and specific complications to determine whether the grade B cirrhosis is compensated or decompensated, thereby developing a suitable treatment plan.

If a patient with grade B cirrhosis develops ascites or edema, the doctor may advise a low-salt diet and prescribe diuretics. For severe ascites that causes discomfort or affects breathing, patients may require paracentesis combined with albumin infusion (a solution containing albumin protein) in appropriate cases.

To prevent the progression of liver damage, you need to ensure adequate energy and protein intake to limit malnutrition and muscle loss; do not arbitrarily eliminate protein entirely from your diet. Patients with ascites are often advised to restrict salt, avoid alcohol, and refrain from self-medicating with drugs, traditional medicine, or dietary supplements without consulting a doctor. Regular follow-up appointments are necessary to evaluate liver function, nutritional status, and detect complications early.

You should seek immediate medical attention if you experience symptoms such as vomiting blood, black stools, rapid abdominal swelling, increased edema, fever, worsening jaundice, or changes in consciousness. Early detection and timely treatment help control the disease, prevent complications, limit disease progression, and improve quality of life.

Dr. Hoang Dinh Thanh, Specialist Level One

Department of Gastroenterology

Center for Endoscopy and Gastrointestinal Endoscopic Surgery

Tam Anh General Hospital, TP HCM