Nurse Pham Thi Hong Hanh from the musculoskeletal internal medicine department of the 108 Military Central Hospital, stated that bone density gradually decreases over time, making bones more brittle and susceptible to fractures, even from minor trauma. Osteoporosis-related fractures commonly occur in the spine, thigh bone, and forearm.

Osteoporosis is a prevalent condition, especially with increasing age. Bone loss (reduced bone density) due to osteoporosis often presents no clear symptoms. Individuals are often unaware of their condition until bones weaken and become prone to fractures after minor incidents like sprains, falls, or collisions.

Common symptoms include acute back pain, height loss, a stooped posture, and a hunched back. Patients may experience fatigue along long bones, body aches like pinpricks, and difficulty with movements such as bending or twisting. Middle-aged individuals may also experience symptoms of varicose veins, high blood pressure, and osteoarthritis.

Illustration of healthy and osteoporotic bone. Photo: Hospital provided

To slow down and prevent osteoporosis, in addition to identifying secondary causes, ensure adequate calcium and vitamin D intake through diet. Consult a doctor before using supplements. Regular exercise with appropriate intensity is essential for building strong bones and increasing muscle flexibility, particularly for older adults.

Avoid smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, and stimulants to prevent damage to bones and joints. Avoid overuse of pain relievers and anti-inflammatory drugs, especially corticosteroids. Overuse of these medications can exacerbate osteoporosis, leading to dangerous complications. Women over 40 should combine daily calcium supplements with estrogen to compensate for the decline in female hormones during perimenopause and menopause.

Individuals in high-risk groups should undergo bone density testing for early detection of osteoporosis. If musculoskeletal problems arise (bone and joint pain, muscle aches, frequent cramps), seek medical attention promptly.

Osteoporosis treatment can last 3-5 years. Patients should have regular checkups, take medication as prescribed, and have their bone density measured every 1-2 years. This helps assess disease progression and treatment response. Based on examination results, doctors can evaluate the overall condition and severity of osteoporosis to determine the next course of treatment.

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