Disc herniation is a common spinal condition that can cause back pain, radiating leg pain, numbness, limited mobility, and impact daily life. While conservative treatments like medication and physical therapy are often the first line of defense, some cases may benefit from radiofrequency ablation (RFA) to alleviate pain and improve symptoms without requiring surgery.

Radiofrequency ablation is a technique that uses high-frequency electromagnetic wave energy to generate controlled heat at the treatment site. Guided by fluoroscopy or other diagnostic imaging, a doctor inserts a specialized needle into the affected area to target damaged tissue. The primary goal of this method is to reduce irritation of pain-causing nerve fibers in the center of the disc, decrease pressure within the disc, limit damage to surrounding tissues, and promote quick recovery.

It is important to note that not all pain caused by disc herniation can be alleviated by radiofrequency ablation. Doctors precisely identify the source of pain through clinical examination and diagnostic imaging before recommending the procedure. This ensures that the treatment is appropriate for the patient's specific condition.

Radiofrequency ablation is often considered for patients with mild to moderate disc herniation, where MRI images show disc protrusion but no severe nerve compression. It is also an option for patients whose pain persists or significantly impacts daily life despite using pain relievers, anti-inflammatory drugs, and physical therapy. This method can be applied in suitable cases when conservative treatments have not been effective, helping to reduce pain and improve symptoms.

Doctor Khanh performs radiofrequency ablation to treat disc herniation. Illustration photo: Tam Anh General Hospital

Radiofrequency ablation and surgery have different treatment goals. RFA primarily aims to reduce pain and improve motor function, offering a less invasive option. In contrast, surgery is typically indicated for severe nerve compression, progressive damage, or when non-invasive treatments, including RFA, have failed to provide relief.

Therefore, you should consult a Neurology - Spine specialist for a thorough evaluation. The doctor will assess the extent and location of the herniation, your mobility, muscle strength, nerve reflexes, and MRI results of the spine to determine the most appropriate treatment plan for your specific condition.

Doctor Le Van Khanh

Head of Interventional Radiology Department

Center for Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology

Tam Anh General Hospital Ha Noi