Fetal movement, the natural movements of a fetus in the uterus, includes kicking, turning, twisting, or curling up. These movements serve as a vital indicator of the fetus's health.

Around week 28 of pregnancy, mothers typically begin to clearly perceive their baby's movements, such as kicking, turning, and stretching. Fetal activity is not continuous throughout the day; instead, it follows alternating sleep and wake cycles. A sleep cycle can last 20-40 minutes, sometimes extending to 60-90 minutes. During these periods, the fetus moves very little, which is a normal physiological occurrence, becoming more pronounced as the pregnancy progresses.

However, a sudden and noticeable decrease in fetal movement, as described in your situation, warrants immediate attention. When the supply of oxygen and nutrients through the placenta diminishes, the fetus tends to reduce its activity to conserve energy. This condition may indicate placental dysfunction, reduced amniotic fluid, or intrauterine growth restriction.

To make an initial assessment, pregnant women can monitor fetal movement at home. Choose a time when the fetus is usually most active, such as after a meal. Lie on your left side in a quiet place and focus on counting movements. Lying on the left side increases blood flow to the uterus and placenta, which often encourages more noticeable fetal activity.

During a two-hour period, a fetus typically makes at least 10 movements, including kicks, turns, wiggles, or gentle pushes. If, after resting, having a light snack, or drinking water, the fetal movement remains low – fewer than 10 movements in two hours – or feels significantly weaker than usual, the pregnant woman should visit a medical facility for an examination.

Beyond reduced fetal movement, pregnant women must seek immediate medical attention if they experience accompanying symptoms such as intermittent abdominal pain, vaginal bleeding, fluid leakage, severe swelling, headache, blurred vision, or high blood pressure. These could be signs of serious pregnancy complications, including preeclampsia, threatened preterm labor, or fetal distress, all of which require timely intervention.

It is crucial not to wait until the next day if you notice a prolonged decrease in fetal movement. Early examination can help detect risks and facilitate timely intervention, reducing potential dangers to the fetus.

Pregnant women should establish a routine of paying attention to fetal movement every day at fixed times. This practice helps them quickly recognize any changes. Regular prenatal check-ups and ultrasounds to assess fetal development and placental function are also important for early detection of abnormalities.

Master of Science, Doctor Do Khac Khanh

Specialist in Obstetrics and Gynecology

Tam Anh Cau Giay General Clinic