Elbow pain in athletes, particularly in sports like pickleball, badminton, tennis, volleyball, table tennis, and golf, is commonly known as Tennis Elbow syndrome. This condition involves tissue damage and inflammation at the attachment point of the forearm muscles to the elbow bone. It occurs when the extensor tendons in the elbow are overstressed due to repetitive twisting, gripping, and stretching movements of the forearm. Pain can originate in the elbow, extend down the forearm, and reduce strength and grip capability. The condition often progresses gradually, but without timely treatment, it can lead to tendon rupture or persistent pain, permanently affecting arm function.

Doctor Nguyen Van Thanh, a specialist from the Orthopedic Trauma Center at Tam Anh General Hospital, TP HCM, advises that when elbow pain occurs, patients should immediately stop playing sports, limit elbow movement, and allow the joint to rest. Apply cold compresses for 15-20 minutes, several times a day, to soothe pain and reduce swelling and inflammation. Patients should use a compression bandage around the elbow to help reduce swelling and promote tendon healing.

If symptoms do not improve after a few days, or if they worsen, such as difficulty moving the elbow or arm, swelling or discoloration of the elbow, or severe pain lasting more than one week, patients should seek medical attention for specialized treatment.

Doctor Thanh assesses a patient's elbow injury. *Photo: Tam Anh General Hospital*

Depending on the injury's severity, doctors may prescribe physical therapy to stretch and strengthen the muscles around the elbow, improving flexibility and reducing pain. Shockwave therapy is often used to target the injured area, enhancing blood circulation and accelerating the recovery process. Pain relievers may be prescribed to reduce inflammation, pain, and discomfort. If necessary, patients might be advised to wear a wrist or elbow brace to stabilize the joint and reduce pressure on the tendons. Elbow joint injections can alleviate inflammation and pain, promoting healing.

Most cases, when treated correctly, can achieve full recovery. Surgery is indicated for patients in severe cases or when conservative treatments are ineffective after 6-12 months. Doctors can perform open surgery or arthroscopy to remove damaged tendon parts and other lesions (if present).

Doctors perform an elbow joint injection to reduce symptoms and support faster injury healing. *Photo: Tam Anh General Hospital*

Doctor Thanh notes that elbow pain during sports can also indicate injuries, overuse, or conditions such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, gout, or bursitis. Each cause requires a different treatment approach. If home care does not alleviate symptoms, patients should seek medical consultation for accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

Phi Hong