Answer:

Poorly managed blood sugar levels in individuals with diabetes can lead to nerve and blood vessel damage, causing malnutrition in the foot muscles. This can result in atrophy of the flexor and extensor muscles, altering the natural structure of the foot, causing deformities, and creating unusual pressure points. These pressure points can lead to injuries and ulcers.

People with diabetes are at increased risk of foot complications like ulcers, infections, and nerve abnormalities. Flat foot, characterized by a flattened arch, is another potential complication. While flat feet can be congenital or caused by musculoskeletal conditions, it can also develop as a result of diabetes.

The arch of the foot plays a crucial role in weight-bearing, balance, and walking, while also absorbing impact from the ground. When the arch doesn't develop properly or collapses, the muscles and joints have to bear a greater portion of the body's weight. This can lead to pain and fatigue, particularly after walking long distances or standing for extended periods. The added stress on the spine, knees, and hips can contribute to conditions like arthritis, joint degeneration, ankle pain, heel pain, and tissue inflammation.

Foot pressure measurement device, checking for flat feet. Photo: Tam Anh General Hospital

Foot pressure measurement device, checking for flat feet. Photo: Tam Anh General Hospital

Flat feet can cause deformities and structural changes in the feet, affecting the toes, heels, and ankles. Common deformities include toe deviations or ingrown toenails due to uneven pressure distribution. The heels can also deviate inward or outward, leading to an abnormal gait and balance problems.

Flat foot is often difficult to prevent. Managing weight can help alleviate pain. Individuals with diabetes should regularly inspect their feet for injuries that could lead to inflammation, ulcers, or necrosis. If you suspect you have flat feet, consult a doctor as soon as possible. Signs of flat feet include difficulty maintaining balance while moving, pain while walking, stiffness and foot pain, sudden flattening of the feet, and a collapsed arch.

Dr. Nguyen Phuc Minh Tran

Endocrinology - Diabetes Unit

Tam Anh General Clinic, District 7