Allergic rhinitis is not contagious and does not spread through the respiratory tract or close contact. It is not caused by viruses or bacteria, nor is it an infectious disease. Instead, it occurs when the body overreacts to environmental allergens like house dust, pollen, pet dander, mold, or other irritants. When these agents enter the body, it releases histamine as a protective measure, leading to symptoms such as continuous sneezing, nasal congestion, clear runny nose, and red or itchy eyes.

The condition also does not spread through eating, blood transfusions, or sexual contact. While multiple family members may experience allergic rhinitis, this is typically due to genetic factors or shared exposure to allergens in a common living environment, such as house dust mites, pet dander, or mold.

Symptoms of allergic rhinitis can sometimes resemble those of a common cold or other respiratory infections. If the cause of symptoms is unclear, wearing a mask when in close contact with someone who is sneezing or has a runny nose is advisable. This precaution helps reduce the risk of contracting infectious respiratory illnesses, not allergic rhinitis itself.

Bac si Hang performing nasal endoscopy on a patient. *Illustrative photo: Tam Anh General Hospital*

Individuals with a history of allergies or bronchial asthma are at a higher risk of developing allergic rhinitis. To prevent the condition, it is important to avoid known allergens and irritants. Maintaining a clean living environment and wearing a mask when outdoors or exposed to dust and smoke are also beneficial. Additionally, seeking early examination and treatment upon the appearance of suspicious symptoms is recommended.

Patients with allergic rhinitis should wear masks to limit exposure to dust, pollen, smoke, and other airborne irritants. This practice helps to reduce the frequency of flare-ups and better control symptoms. If you experience sneezing and a runny nose accompanied by fever, sore throat, cough, fatigue, or yellowish-green discharge, it is crucial to consult an ear, nose, and throat specialist promptly. A doctor can perform an endoscopy to assess your condition and provide timely treatment.

Master, Doctor, Level II Specialist Tran Thi Thuy Hang

Head of ENT Department

ENT Center

Tam Anh General Hospital TP HCM