Calcium is an essential mineral for bone, teeth, and muscle health, as well as the normal function of the nervous system. However, as people age, the body undergoes changes that make maintaining adequate calcium levels difficult.

Decreased calcium absorption with age

According to WebMD, as individuals age, digestive system activity and metabolic processes change, making calcium absorption from food less efficient. Vitamin D plays a crucial role in intestinal calcium absorption. However, older adults often have low vitamin D levels due to less sun exposure, poor dietary intake, or the skin's reduced ability to synthesize this vitamin with age.

Older adults need to supplement approximately 1,200 mg of calcium daily (total from both everyday food and supplements) to prevent osteoporosis and maintain strong bones.

Less varied diet

Older adults frequently experience changes in taste, reduced chewing and swallowing ability, or a diminished appetite. Some eat less, skip meals, or tend to choose soft, easy-to-eat foods that may not provide enough nutrients.

Dairy products are a common source of calcium, but not all older adults consume them often. Some limit dairy due to lactose intolerance or bloating.

Small fish often have high calcium content. Photo: Bui Thuy

Reduced physical activity weakens bones

Calcium intake is not the only factor; bone health also plays a role. Activities like walking, climbing stairs, or weight-bearing exercises stimulate the body to maintain bone density. Conversely, prolonged inactivity can accelerate bone loss. As bones gradually lose minerals, the amount of calcium stored within them also decreases, according to Times of India.

Certain diseases and medications affect calcium metabolism

Conditions related to the kidneys, digestive tract, or metabolism can impair the body's ability to absorb, utilize, and regulate calcium.

Long-term use of certain medications can impact bone health or mineral metabolism. Therefore, older adults undergoing treatment for chronic diseases should consult their doctor about the risk of nutrient deficiencies or osteoporosis, rather than self-administering calcium supplements.

Le Nguyen (Compiled)